<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2021-11-4-284-291</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-1272</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анемия у пациентов с аксиальными спондилоартритами не ассоциирована с увеличением ригидности сосудистой стенки и толщины комплекса интима-медиа (результаты одноцентрового кросс-секционного исследования)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anemia in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis is Not Associated with an Increase of Arterial Stiffness and Intima-Media Thickness (Results of a Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8989-8405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафарова</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safarova</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карина Николаевна Сафарова</p><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karina N. Safarova</p><p>Saratov</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kn.safarova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8080-7063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махина</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhina</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saratov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1765-2737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дорогойкина</surname><given-names>К. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dorogoykina</surname><given-names>K. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saratov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3463-7734</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ребров</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rebrov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саратов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saratov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Саратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В.И. Разумовского Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education «Saratov State Medical University n.a. V.I. Razumovskiy»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУЗ «Областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov Regional Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>284</fpage><lpage>291</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сафарова К.Н., Махина В.И., Дорогойкина К.Д., Ребров А.П., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сафарова К.Н., Махина В.И., Дорогойкина К.Д., Ребров А.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safarova K.N., Makhina V.I., Dorogoykina K.D., Rebrov A.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/1272">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/1272</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – изучение показателей ригидности сосудистой стенки и субклинического атеросклероза у пациентов с аксиальными спондилоартритами (аксСпА) без клинически манифестной кардиоваскулярной патологии в зависимости от наличия анемии.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Включены 102 пациента с аксСпА, возраст – 37,7±9,8 лет, длительность аксСпА – 13,5±8,7 лет, 66 (64,7%) мужчин. Рассчитаны индексы BASDAI, ASDAS-CРБ, исследованы гемограмма, скорость оседания эритроцитов (СОЭ), уровень С-реактивного белка (СРБ). Исследование параметров артериальной ригидности проводили методами осциллографии и фотоплетизмографии, оценка толщины комплекса интима-медиа (ТКИМ) осуществляли в ходе ультразвукового исследования в В-режиме согласно стандартным протоколам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В ходе анализа свойств пульсовой волны статистически значимых различий показателей ригидности сосудистой стенки у пациентов аксСпА с наличием и без анемического синдрома не обнаружено. У пациентов с анемией скорость распространения пульсовой волны в аорте (PWVao) составила 7,4±1,5 м/с, индекс аугментации в аорте (Aix-ao) – 19,1±13,7%, индекс жесткости (SI) – 8,2±1,7 м/с, у пациентов без анемии – 7,4±1,4 м/с, 17,3±10,6% и 8,8±2,0 м/с, соответственно (р &gt;0,05 для всех). Средние значения ТКИМ у пациентов с анемией составили 0,70±0,13 см, у пациентов без анемии – 0,73±0,16 (р &gt;0,05). По результатам корреляционного анализа установлены взаимосвязи между Aix-ao, PWVao, SI, ТКИМ и возрастом пациентов (r=0,488, r=0,516, r=0,289, r=0,461, соответственно, p &lt;0,05), взаимосвязи между Aix-ao, PWVao и клиническим индексом активности BASDAI (r=0,243, r=0,253, соответственно, p &lt;0,05). Выявлены взаимосвязи между PWVao и Aix-ao (r=0,442, p &lt;0,001), SI (r=0,273, p=0,011) и ТКИМ (r=0,236, p=0,034).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В ходе настоящего исследования не подтверждено отрицательное влияние анемии на показатели ригидности сосудистой стенки и ТКИМ у пациентов с аксСпА. Полагаем, что это связано с потенциальным протективным эффектом анемии, обусловленным общеизвестными патофизиологическими паттернами – снижением вязкости крови и индукцией синтеза оксида азота. Требуется дальнейшее изучение взаимосвязей между уровнем гемоглобина и маркерами эндотелиальной дисфункции у пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями позвоночника.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to study parameters of arterial stiffness and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) without clinically manifest cardiovascular pathology depending on the presence of anemia.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. 102 patients with axSpA (mean age – 37.7±9.8 years, axSpA duration – 13.5±8.7 years, 66 (64.7%) men) were included. The BASDAI index and C-reactive protein (CRP)-based ASDAS score were measured, the hemogram, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and the level of CRP were studied. Parameters of arterial stiffness were studied by oscillography and photoplethysmography, intima-media thickness (IMT) was evaluated by B-mode ultrasound according to standard protocols.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. During analysis of pulse wave properties, no statistically significant differences in parameters of vascular wall stiffness were found in axSpA patients with and without anemia. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao) in patients with anemia was 7.4±1.5 m/sec, aortic augmentation index (Aix-ao) was 19.1±13.7%, stiffness index (SI) was 8.2±1.7 m/sec; in patients without anemia – 7.4±1.4 m/sec, 17.3±10.6% and 8.8±2.0 m/sec, respectively (p &gt;0.05 for all). IMT in patients with anemia was 0.70±0.13 cm, in patients without anemia – 0.73±0.16 cm (p &gt;0.05). Correlation analysis was performed and significant correlations were noted between Aix-ao, PWVao, SI, IMT and age (r=0.488, r=0.516, r=0.289, r=0.461, respectively, p &lt;0.05); Aix-ao, PWVao and the BASDAI index (r=0.243, r=0.253, respectively, p &lt;0.05). Significant correlations between PWVao and Aix-ao (r=0.442, p &lt;0.001), SI (r=0.273, p=0.011) and IMT (r=0.236, p=0.034) were found.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The present study did not confirm the negative effect of anemia on vascular wall stiffness parameters and IMT in patients with axSpA. We consider that potential protective effect of anemia, due to well-known pathophysiological patterns — a decrease in blood viscosity and the induction of nitric oxide synthesis, plays an important role. Further studies are required to assess relationship between hemoglobin levels and markers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with axSpA.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>анемия</kwd><kwd>гемоглобин</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>артериальная ригидность</kwd><kwd>толщина комплекса интима-медиа</kwd><kwd>анкилозирующий спондилит</kwd><kwd>аксиальный спондилоартрит</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anemia</kwd><kwd>hemoglobin</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>arterial stiffness</kwd><kwd>intima-media thickness</kwd><kwd>ankylosing spondylitis</kwd><kwd>axial spondyloarthritis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эрдес Ш.Ф., Ребров А.П., Дубинина Т.В., и др. Спондилоартриты: современная терминология и определения. Терапевтический архив. 2019; 91(5): 84–8. doi:10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000208 Erdes S.F., Rebrov A.P., Dubinina T.V. et al. Spondyloarthritis: modern terminology and definitions. Ter Arkh. 2019; 91(5): 84–8. doi:10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000208 [in Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Эрдес Ш.Ф., Ребров А.П., Дубинина Т.В., и др. Спондилоартриты: современная терминология и определения. Терапевтический архив. 2019; 91(5): 84–8. doi:10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000208 Erdes S.F., Rebrov A.P., Dubinina T.V. et al. Spondyloarthritis: modern terminology and definitions. Ter Arkh. 2019; 91(5): 84–8. doi:10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000208 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mathieu S., Pereira B., Soubrier M. Cardiovascular events in ankylosing spondylitis: An updated meta-analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2015; 44: 551–5. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2014.10.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mathieu S., Pereira B., Soubrier M. Cardiovascular events in ankylosing spondylitis: An updated meta-analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2015; 44: 551–5. doi:10.1016/j.semarthrit.2014.10.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Szabo S.M., Levy A.R., Rao S.R., et al. Increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in individuals with ankylosing spondylitis: A population-based study. Arthritis Rheum. 2011; 63: 3294–304. doi:10.1002/art.30581.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Szabo S.M., Levy A.R., Rao S.R., et al. Increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in individuals with ankylosing spondylitis: A population-based study. Arthritis Rheum. 2011; 63: 3294–304. doi:10.1002/art.30581.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomáš L., Lazúrová I., Pundová L., et al. Acute and long-term effect of infliximab on humoral and echocardiographic parameters in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. Clin Rheumatol. 2013; 32: 61–6. doi:10.1007/s10067-012-2091-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomáš L., Lazúrová I., Pundová L., et al. Acute and long-term effect of infliximab on humoral and echocardiographic parameters in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. Clin Rheumatol. 2013; 32: 61–6. doi:10.1007/s10067-012-2091-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Niccoli L., Nannini C., Cassarà E., et al. Frequency of anemia of inflammation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis requiring antiTNFα drugs and therapy-induced changes. Int J Rheum Dis. 2012; 15: 56–61. doi:10.1111/j.1756-185X.2011.01662.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Niccoli L., Nannini C., Cassarà E., et al. Frequency of anemia of inflammation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis requiring antiTNFα drugs and therapy-induced changes. Int J Rheum Dis. 2012; 15: 56–61. doi:10.1111/j.1756-185X.2011.01662.x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сафарова К.Н., Дорогойкина К.Д., Ребров А.П. Является ли анемия клиническим маркером НПВП-индуцированного поражения верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта у пациентов со спондилоартритами? Альманах клинической медицины. 2019; 47(5): 410–18. doi:10.18786/2072-0505-2019-47-037. Safarova K.N., Dorogoykina K.D., Rebrov A.P. Is anemia a clinical marker of NSAIDs-induced upper gastrointestinal lesions in patients with spondyloarthritis? Almanac of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 47(5): 410–18. doi:10.18786/2072-0505-2019-47-037 [in Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Сафарова К.Н., Дорогойкина К.Д., Ребров А.П. Является ли анемия клиническим маркером НПВП-индуцированного поражения верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта у пациентов со спондилоартритами? Альманах клинической медицины. 2019; 47(5): 410–18. doi:10.18786/2072-0505-2019-47-037. Safarova K.N., Dorogoykina K.D., Rebrov A.P. Is anemia a clinical marker of NSAIDs-induced upper gastrointestinal lesions in patients with spondyloarthritis? Almanac of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 47(5): 410–18. doi:10.18786/2072-0505-2019-47-037 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zviahina O V., Shevchuk S V., Kuvikova IP, Segeda IS. Anemia in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, association with the activity of the inflammatory process and the severity of the disease. Wiad Lek. 2020; 73: 715–21. doi:10.36740/WLek202004117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zviahina O V., Shevchuk S V., Kuvikova IP, Segeda IS. Anemia in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, association with the activity of the inflammatory process and the severity of the disease. Wiad Lek. 2020; 73: 715–21. doi:10.36740/WLek202004117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prati C., Demougeot C., Guillot X., et al. Vascular involvement in axial spondyloarthropathies. Jt Bone Spine. 2019; 86: 159–63. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2018.05.003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prati C., Demougeot C., Guillot X., et al. Vascular involvement in axial spondyloarthropathies. Jt Bone Spine. 2019; 86: 159–63. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2018.05.003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bodnár N., Kerekes G., Seres I., et al. Assessment of Subclinical Vascular Disease Associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Rheumatol. 2011; 38: 723–9. doi:10.3899/jrheum.100668.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bodnár N., Kerekes G., Seres I., et al. Assessment of Subclinical Vascular Disease Associated with Ankylosing Spondylitis. J Rheumatol. 2011; 38: 723–9. doi:10.3899/jrheum.100668.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гайдукова И.З., Ребров А.П., Хондкарян Э.В. и др. Жесткость сосудистой стенки у пациентов с анкилозирующим спондилитом, принимающих нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты. Современная ревматология. 2016; 10(3): 41-46. doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2016-3-41-46. Gaidukova I.Z., Rebrov A.P., Khondkaryan E.V. et al. Vessel wall stiffness in ankylosing spondylitis patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2016;10(3):41-46. doi:10.14412/1996-7012-2016-3-41-46 [in Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гайдукова И.З., Ребров А.П., Хондкарян Э.В. и др. Жесткость сосудистой стенки у пациентов с анкилозирующим спондилитом, принимающих нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты. Современная ревматология. 2016; 10(3): 41-46. doi: 10.14412/1996-7012-2016-3-41-46. Gaidukova I.Z., Rebrov A.P., Khondkaryan E.V. et al. Vessel wall stiffness in ankylosing spondylitis patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2016;10(3):41-46. doi:10.14412/1996-7012-2016-3-41-46 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bai R., Zhang Y., Liu W., et al. The Relationship of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Subclinical Atherosclerosis: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. Angiology. 2019; 70: 492–500. doi:10.1177/0003319718814309.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bai R., Zhang Y., Liu W., et al. The Relationship of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Subclinical Atherosclerosis: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis. Angiology. 2019; 70: 492–500. doi:10.1177/0003319718814309.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sieper J., Rudwaleit M., Baraliakos X., et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009; 68:ii1–44. doi:10.1136/ard.2008.104018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sieper J., Rudwaleit M., Baraliakos X., et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009; 68:ii1–44. doi:10.1136/ard.2008.104018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levey A.S., Stevens L.A., Schmid C.H., et al. A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 150: 604. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levey A.S., Stevens L.A., Schmid C.H., et al. A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009; 150: 604. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Touboul P.-J., Hennerici M.G., Meairs S., et al. Mannheim Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Plaque Consensus (2004-2006-2011). Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012; 34: 290–6. doi:10.1159/000343145.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Touboul P.-J., Hennerici M.G., Meairs S., et al. Mannheim Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Plaque Consensus (2004-2006-2011). Cerebrovasc Dis. 2012; 34: 290–6. doi:10.1159/000343145.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuan Y., Yang J., Zhang X., et al. Carotid intima-media thickness in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2019; 26: 260–71. doi:10.5551/JAT.45294.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuan Y., Yang J., Zhang X., et al. Carotid intima-media thickness in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2019; 26: 260–71. doi:10.5551/JAT.45294.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paino I.M.M., Miranda J.C., Marzocchi-Machado C.M., et al. Phagocytosis, oxidative burst, and produced reactive species are affected by iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic diseases in elderly. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2009; 129: 116–25. doi:10.1007/s12011-008-8303-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paino I.M.M., Miranda J.C., Marzocchi-Machado C.M., et al. Phagocytosis, oxidative burst, and produced reactive species are affected by iron deficiency anemia and anemia of chronic diseases in elderly. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2009; 129: 116–25. doi:10.1007/s12011-008-8303-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arida A., Protogerou A.D., Kitas G.D. et al. Systemic inflammatory response and atherosclerosis: The paradigm of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2018; 19: 1–27. doi:10.3390/ijms19071890.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arida A., Protogerou A.D., Kitas G.D. et al. Systemic inflammatory response and atherosclerosis: The paradigm of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2018; 19: 1–27. doi:10.3390/ijms19071890.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gimbrone M.A., García-Cardeña G. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and the Pathobiology of Atherosclerosis. Circ Res. 2016; 118: 620–36. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306301.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gimbrone M.A., García-Cardeña G. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and the Pathobiology of Atherosclerosis. Circ Res. 2016; 118: 620–36. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306301.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwarz C.P., Koppelstaetter C., Amann E., Mayer G. Impact of anemia on aortic pulse wave velocity in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2009; 32: 210–6. doi:10.1159/000227274.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwarz C.P., Koppelstaetter C., Amann E., Mayer G. Impact of anemia on aortic pulse wave velocity in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2009; 32: 210–6. doi:10.1159/000227274.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hsu H.-C., Robinson C., Norton G.R., et al. The Optimal Haemoglobin Target in Dialysis Patients May Be Determined by Its Contrasting Effects on Arterial Stiffness and Pressure Pulsatility. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2020; 13: 385–95. doi:10.2147/IJNRD.S285168.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hsu H.-C., Robinson C., Norton G.R., et al. The Optimal Haemoglobin Target in Dialysis Patients May Be Determined by Its Contrasting Effects on Arterial Stiffness and Pressure Pulsatility. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2020; 13: 385–95. doi:10.2147/IJNRD.S285168.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kishimoto S., Maruhashi T., Kajikawa M., et al. Hematocrit, hemoglobin and red blood cells are associated with vascular function and vascular structure in men. Sci Rep. 2020; 10: 11467. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-68319-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kishimoto S., Maruhashi T., Kajikawa M., et al. Hematocrit, hemoglobin and red blood cells are associated with vascular function and vascular structure in men. Sci Rep. 2020; 10: 11467. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-68319-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arnold N., Gori T., Schnabel R.B., et al. Relation between Arterial Stiffness and Markers of Inflammation and Hemostasis — Data from the Population-based Gutenberg Health Study. Sci Rep. 2017; 7: 1–10. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06175-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arnold N., Gori T., Schnabel R.B., et al. Relation between Arterial Stiffness and Markers of Inflammation and Hemostasis — Data from the Population-based Gutenberg Health Study. Sci Rep. 2017; 7: 1–10. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-06175-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun P., Jia J., Fan F., et al. Hemoglobin and erythrocyte count are independently and positively associated with arterial stiffness in a community-based study. J Hum Hypertens. 2021; 35: 265–73. doi:10.1038/s41371-020-0332-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun P., Jia J., Fan F., et al. Hemoglobin and erythrocyte count are independently and positively associated with arterial stiffness in a community-based study. J Hum Hypertens. 2021; 35: 265–73. doi:10.1038/s41371-020-0332-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kawamoto R., Tabara Y., Kohara K., et al. A slightly low hemoglobin level is beneficially associated with arterial stiffness in Japanese community-dwelling women. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2012; 34: 92–8. doi:10.3109/10641963.2011.618202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kawamoto R., Tabara Y., Kohara K., et al. A slightly low hemoglobin level is beneficially associated with arterial stiffness in Japanese community-dwelling women. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2012; 34: 92–8. doi:10.3109/10641963.2011.618202.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chirinos J.A., Segers P., Hughes T., Townsend R. Large-Artery Stiffness in Health and Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019; 74: 1237–63. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.07.012.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chirinos J.A., Segers P., Hughes T., Townsend R. Large-Artery Stiffness in Health and Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019; 74: 1237–63. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.07.012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
