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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2022-12-1-35-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-1372</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Регуляция иммунной системы при старении: в фокусе — эпигенетические механизмы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regulation of the Immune System in Aging: Focus on Epigenetic Mechanisms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4973-039X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айтбаев</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aitbaev</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bishkek</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8513-9279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муркамилов</surname><given-names>И. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murkamilov</surname><given-names>I. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илхом Торобекович Муркамилов</p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilkhom T. Murkamilov</p><p>Bishkek</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">murkamilov.i@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7653-0433</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муркамилова</surname><given-names>Ж. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murkamilova</surname><given-names>Zh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bishkek</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3007-8127</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудайбергенова</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudaibergenova</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бишкек</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0632-6653</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсупов</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusupov</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ош</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Osh</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт молекулярной биологии и медицины</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific and research Institute of molecular biology and medicine</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кыргызская государственная медицинская академия имени И. К. Ахунбаева; ГОУ ВПО Кыргызско-Российский славянский университет</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy; SEI HPE Kyrgyz Russian Slavic UniversityIlkhom T. Murkamilov</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ ВПО Кыргызско-Российский славянский университет</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SEI HPE Kyrgyz Russian Slavic University</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-4"><institution>Кыргызская государственная медицинская академия имени И. К. Ахунбаева</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ошский государственный университет</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Osh State University</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Айтбаев К.А., Муркамилов И.Т., Муркамилова Ж.А., Кудайбергенова И.О., Юсупов Ф.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Айтбаев К.А., Муркамилов И.Т., Муркамилова Ж.А., Кудайбергенова И.О., Юсупов Ф.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aitbaev K.A., Murkamilov I.T., Murkamilova Z.A., Kudaibergenova I.O., Yusupov F.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/1372">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/1372</self-uri><abstract><p>Эпигенетика изучает процессы, приводящие к изменению активности генов без изменения последовательности ДНК. Эпигенетические механизмы, такие как метилирование ДНК и модификации гистонов, формируются в период эмбрионального развития, а эпигенетические профили стабильно наследуются при митозе, обеспечивая дифференцировку клеток и их дальнейшую судьбу в процессе развития. Под действием внутренних и внешних факторов, таких как метаболический профиль, гормоны, питание, наркотики, курение и стресс, эпигенетические механизмы активно модулируются и, в этом смысле, образ жизни может существенно влиять на эпигеном, а следовательно, и на профиль экспрессии генов и функцию клетки. Показано, что развитие и функции клеток как врожденной, так и адаптивной иммунной системы, также регулируются эпигенетическими механизмами, а негативные эпигенетические изменения являются отличительной чертой старения и онкологических заболеваний. Учитывая эти данные, можно полагать, что возрастные изменения профиля эпигенетических меток могут привести к снижению иммунной функции и способствовать увеличению заболеваемости у пожилых людей. Поэтому, чтобы обеспечить здоровую старость, необходимо лучше понять, как избежать эпигенетических изменений, которые связаны со старением иммунной системы. В данном обзоре мы попытались обобщить последние достижения в этой области исследований и рассмотреть возможность их использования в качестве средств диагностики, профилактики и лечения заболеваний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Epigenetics studies processes leading to changes in the activity of genes without changing the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, are formed during embryonic development, and epigenetic profiles are stably inherited in mitosis, providing cell differentiation and their further fate in the development process. Under the influence of internal and external factors such as metabolic profile, hormones, nutrition, drugs, smoking and stress, epigenetic mechanisms are actively modulated and, in this sense, a lifestyle can significantly affect the epigenome, and consequently, the gene expression profile and function of cells. It is shown that the development and function of cells of both congenital and adaptive immune systems are also regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, and negative epigenetic changes are a distinctive feature of aging and cancer. Given these data, it can be assumed that age-related changes in the profile of epigenetic labels can lead to a decrease in immune function and contribute to an increase in morbidity in the elderly. Therefore, to ensure healthy aging, better understanding of how to avoid epigenetic changes that are associated with aging of the immune system is needed. In this review, we tried to generalize the latest achievements in this field of research and consider the possibility of using them for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иммунное старение</kwd><kwd>эпигенетика</kwd><kwd>метилирование ДНК</kwd><kwd>модификации гистонов</kwd><kwd>окружающая среда</kwd><kwd>возрастные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>immune aging</kwd><kwd>epigenetics</kwd><kwd>DNA methylation</kwd><kwd>histone modifications</kwd><kwd>environment</kwd><kwd>age-related diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Айтбаев К.А., Муркамилов И.Т., Фомин В.В. Молекулярные механизмы старения: роль окислительного стресса и эпигенетических модификаций. 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