<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2022-12-5-370-379</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-1509</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НЕОБРАТИМЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ЛЁГКИХ В ИСХОДЕ ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЯ ПРИ COVID-19 — РАЗМЫШЛЕНИЯ НА ТЕМУ И ПРИМЕРЫ ЛУЧЕВЫХ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Irreversible Lung Transformation Resulting from Damage In COVID-19 — Discourses and Examples of CT Images</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0745-3438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Винокуров</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinokurov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антон Сергеевич Винокуров</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton S. Vinokurov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antonvin.foto@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0310-0889</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ«Городская клиническая больница им. В.П. Демихова Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»; ГБУЗ «Московский многопрофильный клинический центр «Коммунарка» Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Demikhov City Hospital of Moscow City Health Department; Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center «Kommunarka» of Moscow City Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>370</fpage><lpage>379</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Винокуров А.С., Юдин А.Л., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Винокуров А.С., Юдин А.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vinokurov A.S., Yudin A.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/1509">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/1509</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема формирования необратимых остаточных изменений после перенесенного вирусного повреждения легких при COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019, новая коронавирусная инфекция) по прошествии двух лет пандемии остается важной и обсуждаемой. Это связано с большим числом пациентов, перенесших коронавирусную инфекцию (в т.ч. со значимым объемом поражения легких) и возможным неблагоприятным прогнозом с уменьшением качества и продолжительности жизни. С учетом того, что в последнее время активно применяется антифибротическая терапия ряда интерстициальных заболеваний легких (при идиопатическом легочном фиброзе и системных заболеваниях), рассматривается вопрос о возможном использовании этих средств и при неблагоприятном исходе COVID-19. Однако до сих пор точно неизвестно, насколько часто развивается фиброз в исходе новой коронавирусной инфекции, а также четко не выделены группы пациентов, которые могут иметь неблагоприятный прогноз в виде исхода в фиброз.В обзоре рассмотрены патогенетические аспекты возможного развития необратимых изменений у пациентов с COVID-19, предрасполагающие факторы, а также особенности диагностики с акцентом на КТ-визуализацию с собственными наблюдениями авторов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of the formation of irreversible residual changes after suffering viral lung damage with COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) after two years of the pandemic remains important and discussed. This is due to a large number of patients who have had a coronavirus infection (including those with a large amount of lung damage) and a possible unfavorable prognosis with a decrease in the quality and life expectancy. Given the fact that antifibrotic therapy has recently been actively used for a number of interstitial lung diseases (with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and systemic diseases), the question of the possible use of these drugs in case of an unfavorable outcome of COVID-19 is being considered. However, it is still not known exactly how often fibrosis develops in the outcome of a new coronavirus infection, and groups of patients who may have a poor prognosis in the form of an outcome in fibrosis have not been clearly identified.The review considers the pathogenetic aspects of the possible development of irreversible changes in patients with COVID-19, predisposing factors, as well as diagnostic features with an emphasis on CT scan with the authors’ own observations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коронавирус</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>фиброз</kwd><kwd>интерстициальное заболевание легких</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>бронхоэктазы</kwd><kwd>«матовое стекло»</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronavirus</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>fibrosis</kwd><kwd>interstitial lung disease</kwd><kwd>CT scan</kwd><kwd>bronchiectasis</kwd><kwd>ground glass opacities</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Самсонова М.В., Черняев А.Л., Омарова Ж.Р. и др. Особенности патологической анатомии легких при COVID-19. Пульмонология. 2020; 30(5): 519–532. DOI:10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-5-519-532.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Samsonova M.V., Chernyaev A.L., Omarova Z.R. et al. Features of pathological anatomy of lungs at COVID-19. Pulmonologiya. 2020; 30(5): 519–532. DOI:10.18093/0869-0189-2020-30-5-519-532 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thille A.W., Esteban A., Fernandez-Segoviano P. et al. Chronology histological lesions in acute respiratory distress syndrome with diffuse alveolar damage: a prospective cohort study of clinical autopsies. Lancet Respir Med. 2013; 1: 395–401.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thille A.W., Esteban A., Fernandez-Segoviano P. et al. Chronology histological lesions in acute respiratory distress syndrome with diffuse alveolar damage: a prospective cohort study of clinical autopsies. Lancet Respir Med. 2013; 1: 395–401.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vasarmidi E., Tsitoura E., Spandidos D.A. et al. Pulmonary fibrosis in the aftermath of the COVID-19 era (Review). Experimental and therapeutic medicine. 2020; 20: 2557–2560. DOI:10.3892/etm.2020.8980.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasarmidi E., Tsitoura E., Spandidos D.A. et al. Pulmonary fibrosis in the aftermath of the COVID-19 era (Review). Experimental and therapeutic medicine. 2020; 20: 2557–2560. DOI:10.3892/etm.2020.8980.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carsana L., Sonzogni A., Nasr A. et al. Pulmonary post-morten findings in a series of COVID-19 cases from northern Italy: A two-center descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020; 1473-3099(20): 30434–30435.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carsana L., Sonzogni A., Nasr A. et al. Pulmonary post-morten findings in a series of COVID-19 cases from northern Italy: A two-center descriptive study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020; 1473-3099(20): 30434–30435.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohamed Ali R.M., Ibrahim Ghonimy M.B. PostCOVID-19 pneumonia lung fibrosis: a worrisome sequela in surviving patients. Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine. 2021; 52: 101. DOI:10.1186/s43055-021-00484-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohamed Ali R.M., Ibrahim Ghonimy M.B. PostCOVID-19 pneumonia lung fibrosis: a worrisome sequela in surviving patients. Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine. 2021; 52: 101. DOI:10.1186/s43055-021-00484-3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Udwadia Z.F., Koul P.A., Richeldi L. Post-COVID lung fibrosis: the tsunami that follow the earthquake. Lung India. 2021; 38: 41–47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Udwadia Z.F., Koul P.A., Richeldi L. Post-COVID lung fibrosis: the tsunami that follow the earthquake. Lung India. 2021; 38: 41–47.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bazdyrev E., Rusina P., Panova M. et al. Lung fibrosis after COVID-19: Treatment Prospects. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; 14: 807. DOI:10.3390/ph14080807.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bazdyrev E., Rusina P., Panova M. et al. Lung fibrosis after COVID-19: Treatment Prospects. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; 14: 807. DOI:10.3390/ph14080807.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aronson K.I., Podolanczuk A.J. Lung after COVID-19: Evolving knowledge of post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2021; 18(5): 773–779. DOI:10.1513/AnnalsATS.202102-223ED.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aronson K.I., Podolanczuk A.J. Lung after COVID-19: Evolving knowledge of post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2021; 18(5): 773–779. DOI:10.1513/AnnalsATS.202102-223ED.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лещенко И.В., Глушкова Т.В. О функциональных нарушениях и развитии фиброза легких у пациентов, перенесших новую коронавирусную инфекцию. Пульмонология. 2021; 31(5): 653–662. DOI:10.180093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-653-662.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leshchenko I.V., Glushkova T.V. Development of fibrosis and impairment of lung function in patients with a new coronavirus disease. Pulmonologiya. 2021;31(5):653–662. DOI:10.180093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-653-662 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ademola S. Ojo, Simon A. Balogun, Oyeronke T. Williams et al. Pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 survivors: predictive factors and risk reduction strategies. Pulmonary medicine. 2020: 6175964. DOI:10.1155/2020/6195964.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ademola S. Ojo, Simon A. Balogun, Oyeronke T. Williams et al. Pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 survivors: predictive factors and risk reduction strategies. Pulmonary medicine. 2020: 6175964. DOI:10.1155/2020/6195964.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черняев А.Л. Ателектаз лёгких. В кн.: Клеточная биология легких в норме и при патологии, под ред. Ерохина В.В., Романовой Л.К. М, Медицина. 2000; 383–385.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernyaev A.L. Lung atelectasis. Cellular biology of the lungs in normal and pathological conditions, ed. Erokhin V.V., Romanova L.K. M, Medicine. 2000; 383–385. [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Винокуров А.С., Зюзя Ю.Р., Юдин А.Л. Эволюция изменений в легких по данным КТ при динамическом наблюдении пациентов с COVID-19 в ранние сроки. Лучевая диагностика и терапия. 2020; 11(2): 76–88. DOI:10.22328/2079-5343-2020-11-2-76-88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vinokurov A.S., Zyuzya Yu.R., Yudin A.L. Evolution of follow up CT signs in patients with COVID-19 in early stage. Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy. 2020; 11(2): 76–88. DOI:10.22328/2079-5343-2020-11-2-76-88 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu X., Liu X., Zhou Y. et al. 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month respitatory outcomes in patients following COVID-19-related hospitalization: A prospective study. Lancet Respir. Med. 2021; 9: 747–754.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu X., Liu X., Zhou Y. et al. 3-month, 6-month, 9-month, and 12-month respitatory outcomes in patients following COVID-19-related hospitalization: A prospective study. Lancet Respir. Med. 2021; 9: 747–754.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qin W., Chen S., Zhang Y et al. Diffusion capacity abnormalities for carbon monoxide in patients with COVID-19 at 3-month follow-up. Eur. Respir.J. 2021; 58(1): 2003677. DOI:10.1183/13993003.01217-2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qin W., Chen S., Zhang Y et al. Diffusion capacity abnormalities for carbon monoxide in patients with COVID-19 at 3-month follow-up. Eur. Respir.J. 2021; 58(1): 2003677. DOI:10.1183/13993003.01217-2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зайцев А.А., Савушкина О.И., Черняк А.В. и др. Клинико-функциональная характеристика пациентов, перенесших новую коронавирусную инфекцию COVID-19. Практическая пульмонология. 2020; 1: 78–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zaitsev A.A., Savushkina O.I., Chernyak A.V. et al. Clinical and functional characteristics of patients who recovered from the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Practical Pulmonology. 2020; 1: 78–81 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Греков И.С, Грушина М.В. Фибропролиферативные изменения легких в постэпидемическом периоде COVID-19: что нас ждет в будущем? Вестник неотложной и восстановительной хирургии. 2021; 6(1): 47–55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grekov I.S., Grushina M.V. Fibroproliferative lung changes in the post-epidemic period COVID-19: what awaits us in the future? Bulletin of Emergency and Reconstructive Surgery. 2021; 6(1): 47–55 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alarcon-Rodrigues J., Fernandez-Velilla M., Urena-Vacas A. et al. Radiological management and follow-up of post-COVID-19 patients. Radiologia. 2021; 63: 258–269.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alarcon-Rodrigues J., Fernandez-Velilla M., Urena-Vacas A. et al. Radiological management and follow-up of post-COVID-19 patients. Radiologia. 2021; 63: 258–269.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karmakar S., Sharma P., Harishkumar A., Rai D.K. PostCOVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis: report of two cases. EMJ Respir. 2021. DOI:10.33590/emjrespir/20-00270.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karmakar S., Sharma P., Harishkumar A., Rai D.K. PostCOVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis: report of two cases. EMJ Respir. 2021. DOI:10.33590/emjrespir/20-00270.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сперанская А.А., Новикова Л.Н., Баранова О.П. и др. Лучевая диагностика COVID-19 у пациентов с интерстициальными заболеваниями легких. Визуализация в медицине. 2021; 3(1): 3–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Speranskaya A.A., Novikova L.N., Baranova O.P., et al. Radiation diagnosis of COVID-19 in patients with interstitial lung diseases. Visualization in Medicine. 2021; 3(1): 3–9 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Струков А.И., Соловьева И.П. Морфология туберкулеза в современных условиях. 2-е изд. Москва, Медицина. 1986; 119.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strukov A.I., Solovyova I.P. Morphology of tuberculosis in modern conditions. 2nd ed. Moscow, Medicine. 1986; 119. [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang W., Wu Q., Chen Z. et al. The potential indicators for pulmonary fibrosis in survivors of severe COVID-19. J Infect. 2021; 82(2): e5-7. DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.09.027.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang W., Wu Q., Chen Z. et al. The potential indicators for pulmonary fibrosis in survivors of severe COVID-19. J Infect. 2021; 82(2): e5-7. DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.09.027.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Самсонова М.В., Конторщиков А.С., Черняев А.Л. и др. Патогистологические изменения в легких в отдаленные сроки после COVID-19. Пульмонология. 2021; 31(5): 571–579. DOI:10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-571-579.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Samsonova M.V., Kontorschikov A.S., Cherniaev A.L. et al. Longterm pathological changes in lungs after COVID-19. Pulmonologiya. 2021;31(5):571-579. DOI:10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-571-579 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zou J-N., Sun L., Wang B-R. et al. The characteristics and evolution of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 patients as assessed by AI-assisted chest HRCT. PLoS ONE. 2021; 16(3): e0248957. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0248957.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zou J-N., Sun L., Wang B-R. et al. The characteristics and evolution of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 patients as assessed by AI-assisted chest HRCT. PLoS ONE. 2021; 16(3): e0248957. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0248957.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Franco-Palacios D.J., Allenspach L., Stagner L. et al. A center experience with lung transplantation for COVID-19 ARDS. Respiratory Medicine Case Reports. 2022; 36: 101597. DOI:10.1016/j.rmcr.2022.101597</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Franco-Palacios D.J., Allenspach L., Stagner L. et al. A center experience with lung transplantation for COVID-19 ARDS. Respiratory Medicine Case Reports. 2022; 36: 101597. DOI:10.1016/j.rmcr.2022.101597</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лесняк В.Н., Ананьева Л.П., Конева О.А. и др. Полуколичественные визуальные методы оценки выраженности интерстициальных поражений легких по данным компьютерной томографии при системной склеродермии. Пульмонология. 2017; 27(1): 41–50. DOI:10.18093/0869-0189-2017-27-1-41-50</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lesnyak V.N., Anan’eva L.P., Koneva O.A. et al. Semiquantification image methods for assessing severity of scleroderma-associated interstitial lung disease according to computed tomography data. Russian Pulmonology. 2017; 27 (1): 41–50. DOI:10.18093/0869-0189-2017-27-1-41-50 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Золотницкая В.П., Титова О.Н., Кузубова Н.А. и др. Изменения микроциркуляции в легких у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19. Пульмонология. 2021; 31(5): 588–597. DOI:10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-588-597.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zolotnitskaya V.P., Titova O.N., Kuzubova N.A. et al. Changes in pulmonary microcirculation after COVID-19. Pulmonologiya. 2021;31(5):588-597. DOI:10.18093/0869-0189-2021-31-5-588-597 [In Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
