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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2023-13-3-203-212</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">NZBGNM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-1615</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ГЕПАТОПУЛЬМОНАЛЬНЫЙ СИНДРОМ ПРИ ЦИРРОЗЕ ПЕЧЕНИ: РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬ, КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ, ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДИАГНОСТИКИ, ПОДХОДЫ К ТЕРАПИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hepatopulmonary Syndrome in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: Prevalence, Clinical Significance, Clinical Features, Therapeutic Approaches</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цымбал</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsymbal</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карнаушкина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karnaushkina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аришева</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arisheva</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кислый</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kislyy</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кобалава</surname><given-names>Ж. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kobalava</surname><given-names>Z. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов», кафедра внутренних болезней с курсом кардиологии и функциональной диагностики имени академика В.С. Моисеева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia” (RUDN University), Department of Internal Medicine with a course of cardiology and functional diagnostics named after academician V.S. Moiseev</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет дружбы народов», кафедра госпитальной терапии с курсами эндокринологии, гематологии и КЛД</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education “Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia” (RUDN University), Department of Internal Medicine with a course of endocrinology, hematology and clinical and laboratory diagnostics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>212</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цымбал А.С., Карнаушкина М.А., Аришева О.С., Кислый Н.Д., Кобалава Ж.Д., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цымбал А.С., Карнаушкина М.А., Аришева О.С., Кислый Н.Д., Кобалава Ж.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsymbal A.S., Karnaushkina M.A., Arisheva O.S., Kislyy N.D., Kobalava Z.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/1615">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/1615</self-uri><abstract><p>Гепатопульмональный синдром является тяжёлым осложнением хронических заболеваний печени, значительно снижающим качество и продолжительность жизни пациентов, патогенетическим проявлением которого является гипоксемия и внутрилёгочные вазодилатации. По данным некоторых авторов он выявляется у 35 % пациентов с терминальной стадией поражения печени. Основное клиническое проявление гепато-пульмонального синдрома — прогрессирующая одышка с возможным возникновением платипноэ и ортодексии. Однако, его диагностика вызывает трудности, так как «золотой стандарт» — трансторакальная эхокардиография с внутривенным введением контрастного препарата — инвазивная процедура, требующая специфического оснащения и не получившая широкого распространения в лечебных учреждениях Российской Федерации. В качестве дополнительного метода используется физикальный осмотр, при котором могут выявляться телеангиоэктазии, цианоз, изменение пальцев рук по типу «барабанных палочек», а ногтей по типу «часовых стекол», однако эти проявления не обладают высокой специфичностью. В связи с этим необходимо продолжать дальнейший поиск малоинвазивных, применимых в рутинной практике диагностических методов и лабораторных маркёров. В этом обзоре представлены данные о распространённости, патогенезе, клинической картине, диагностике и лечении этого синдрома. Его целью является структурирование современных данных и накопленного опыта для более ранней верификации диагноза и, соответственно, применения оптимальной тактики ведения пациентов с данной патологией. Основным эффективным методом лечения гепатопульмонального синдрома в настоящий момент является пересадка печени, поэтому его раннее выявление позволяет своевременно направить пациента в центр транспланталогии для включения в лист ожидания, назначив при необходимости длительную кислородотерапию, что значимо продлевает жизнь пациентов и улучшает ее качество.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hepatopulmonary syndrome is a severe complication of chronic liver diseases, significantly reducing the quality and duration of patient’s lives, the pathogenetic manifestation of which is hypoxemia and intrapulmonary vasodilation. The disease is widespread enough: according to some authors, up to 35 % of patients with the terminal stage of liver damage suffer from this syndrome. The main clinical manifestation is progressive dyspnea with possible occurrence of platypnea and orthodexia. Diagnosis is difficult, since the “gold standard” — transthoracic echocardiography with intravenous injection of contrast agent — is an invasive procedure requiring specific equipment, that’s why it is poorly used in medical institutions of the Russian Federation. Physical examination is used as an additional method, in which we see dyspnea, cyanosis, spider nevi, digital clubbing, but these manifestations are not highly specific. Therefore, there is an urgent need for minimally invasive, widespread diagnostic methods and clinical markers that can provide early verification of the diagnosis. This review presents data on the prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome. The aim of this review is to structure the current data and the accumulated experience for an earlier verification of the diagnosis and accordingly, to apply the optimal management tactics for patients with this pathology. Liver transplantation is currently the main effective method of treatment. Patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome who underwent liver transplantation have been proven to have better survival rate.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гепатопульмональный синдром</kwd><kwd>цирроз печени</kwd><kwd>гипоксемия</kwd><kwd>вазодилатации</kwd><kwd>одышка</kwd><kwd>ортодексия</kwd><kwd>платипноэ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatopulmonary syndrome</kwd><kwd>cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>hypoxemia</kwd><kwd>vasodilatations</kwd><kwd>dyspnea</kwd><kwd>orthodeoxia</kwd><kwd>platypnea</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yi H.M., Wang G.S., Yi S.H. et al. Prospective evaluation of postoperative outcome after liver transplantation in hepatopulmonary syndrome patients. Chin Med J (Engl). 2009 Nov 5;122(21):2598-602. 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