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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2026-16-2-113-122</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-2215</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Терапевтический и регенеративный потенциал мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, полученных из жировой ткани, в лечении сахарного диабета 1 и 2 типа (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regenerative Potent ial of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in The Treatment of Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2544-7696</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаповалова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapovalova</surname><given-names>Y. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шаповалова Елена Юрьевна — д.м.н., профессор, заведующая кафедрой гистологии и эмбриологии</p><p>Симферополь </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yelena Yu. Shapovalova — MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Histology and Embryology</p><p>Simferopol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shapovalova_l@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7965-2639</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Василенко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василенко Светлана Анатольевна — старший преподаватель кафедры гистологии и эмбриологии </p><p>Симферополь </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Vasilenko — Senior Teacher of the Department of Histology a nd Embryology </p><p>Simferopol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sweta_181171_@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4119-3005</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аврамцев</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avramtsev</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аврамцев Игорь Олегович — студент  </p><p>Симферополь </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor. O. Avramtsev — student </p><p>Simferopol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iropbcharkov1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Медицинский институт имени С.И. Георгиевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Order of Red Banner of Labor S.I. Georgievsky Medical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>113</fpage><lpage>122</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шаповалова Е.Ю., Василенко С.А., Аврамцев И.О., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шаповалова Е.Ю., Василенко С.А., Аврамцев И.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shapovalova Y.Y., Vasilenko S.A., Avramtsev I.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/2215">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/2215</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена анализу терапевтического потенциала мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, полученных из жировой ткани, при лечении сахарного диабета 1 и 2 типа и его осложнений. Приведены краткие сведения о распространенности заболевания, р ассмотрены основные существующие подходы к лечению сахарного диабета, направленные на поддержание нормального уровня глюкозы и гликированного гемоглобина, обосновано использование мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, полученных из жировой ткани. Основной недостаток инсулинотерапии, заключающийся в неспособности имитировать физиологическую регуляцию гликемического профиля и полностью устранять сосудистые осложнения у пациентов, стал поводом для поиска более совершенных методик, использующих регенеративный потенциал мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, полученных из жировой ткани. Описаны морфологические и иммуногистохимические особенности данных клеток, охарактеризован широкий спектр факторов роста и сигнальных молекул, определяющих их иммуномодулирующие, антиоксидантные и антиапоптические свойства. Паракринное влияние мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, полученных из жировой ткани, может быть использовано при трансплантации островков поджелудочной железы для повышения их выживаемости. Способность сохранять остаточную массу β-клеток пациента, а также восполнять их количество путем дифференцировки в инсулинпродуцирующие клетки обусловливает использование данных клеток при лечении сахарного диабета 1 типа. В то же время положительное влияние на механизмы инсулинорезистентности, стимуляция гликогенеза и регуляция гликемического профиля характеризуют их перспективность для терапии сахарного диабета 2 типа. Полипотентность и пластичность мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, полученных из жировой ткани, позволяют применить их для лечения диабетических осложнений: трофических язв, диабетических ретино- и нефропатии. Обсуждается состояние клинических исследований, направленных на получение доказательных данных об эффективности и безопасности мезенхимальных стволовых клеток, полученных из жировой ткани, при терапии сахарного диабета 1 и 2 типов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the analysis of the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue in the treatment of diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2 and their complications. Brief information on the prevalence of the disease is provided, the main existing approaches to the treatment of diabetes mellitus aimed at maintaining normal glucose and glycated hemoglobin levels are considered, the use of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue is based. The main disadvantage of insulin therapy is the impossibility of imitation the physiological regulation of the glycemic profile and completely eliminating vascular complications in patients. This fact became the reason for searching for more advanced techniques using the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue. The morphological and immunohistochemical features of these cells are described; a wide range of growth factors and signaling molecules determining their immunomodulatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties is characterized. The paracrine effect of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue can be used in transplantation of pancreatic islets to increase their survival. The ability to preserve the residual mass of the patient’s β-cells, as well as to supply their number by differentiating into insulin-producing cells determines the use of these cells in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. At the same time, a positive effect on the mechanisms of insulin resistance, stimulation of glycogenesis and regulation of the glycemic profile characterizes the demand for them in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pluripotency and plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue allow their use in the treatment of diabetic complications: trophic ulcers, diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. The state of clinical trials aimed at obtaining evidence-based data on the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from adipose tissue in the treatment of types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus is discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>полученные из жировой ткани</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>диабетические осложнения</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mesenchymal stem cells</kwd><kwd>adipose tissue</kwd><kwd>diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>diabetic mellitus complications</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И.И., Шестакова М.В., Викулова О.К и др. Сахарный диабет в Российской Федерации: динамика эпидемиологических показателей по данным Федерального регистра сахарного диабета за период 2010 — 2022 гг. 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