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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2026-16-2068</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-2320</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ИММУНОАНАЛИЗА ДЛЯ ВЫЯВЛЕНИЯ БИОМАРКЕРОВ РЕВМАТОИДНОГО АРТРИТА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Immunoassay Methods for The Detection of Rheumatoid Arthritis Biomarkers.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5942-9135</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семченко</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semchenko</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семченко Даниил Андреевич — студент, 6 курс, лечебный факультет</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glable@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5802-1099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Кристина Сергеевна — студент, 6 курс, факультет-институтклинической медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kristina S. Smirnova — student, 6th year, Faculty-Institute of Clinical Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnovakristinka@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7740-1707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Низамова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nizamova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Низамова Лилия Анваровна — студент, 6 курс, педиатрический факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liliya A. Nizamova — student, 6th year, Faculty of Pediatrics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lilinizamova2002@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8212-7800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаренко</surname><given-names>П. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarenko</surname><given-names>P. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назаренко Полина Евгеньевна — студент, 6 курс, факультет-институт клинической медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina E. Nazarenko — student, 6th year, Faculty-Institute of Clinical Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gus19polin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9196-8747</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартьянова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martyanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мартьянова Елена Владимировна — студент, 6 курс, медицинский факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Martyanova — student, 6th year, Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Mar_El_V@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4749-2889</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенюк</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebenyuk</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гребенюк Алиса Сергеевна — студент, 6 курс, лечебный факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisa S. Grebenyuk — student, 6th year, Faculty of General Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bbbbaaa2013@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7022-3132</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исматов</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ismatov</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исматов Абдулло Хабибуллоевич — студент, 6 курс, лечебный факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Abdullo Kh. Ismatov — student, 6th year, Faculty of General Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ismatov19.01@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8951-964X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловова Мария Сергеевна — студент, 6 курс, факультет-институт клинической медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria S. Solovova — student, 6th year, Faculty-Institute of Clinical </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solmasha04@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6602-072X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцева</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtseva</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрявцева Нина Геннадьевна — студент, 5 курс, лечебный факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina G. Kudryavtseva — student, 5th year, Faculty of General Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nina.kudryavtseva.2002@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5997-0718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатенко</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatenko</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнатенко Виктория Евгеньевна — студент, 5 курс, факультет-институт клинической медицины</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria E. Ignatenko — student, 5th year, Faculty-Institute of Clinical Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vika.pi4inegina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6259-3867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романенко</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanenko</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романенко Ксения Семёновна — студент, 5 курс, педиатрический факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kseniya S. Romanenko — student, 5th year, Faculty of Pediatrics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksyu.romanenko.02@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7283-3203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнева</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korneva</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корнева Екатерина Сергеевна — студент, 6 курс, педиатрический факультет</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina S. Korneva — student, 6th year, Faculty of Pediatrics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">korekacer@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Смоленский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университе</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университе</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Чувашский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chuvash State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тверской государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tver State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-10"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-11"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>0</issue><issue-title>Принято в печать</issue-title><elocation-id>2320</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семченко Д.А., Смирнова К.С., Низамова Л.А., Назаренко П.Е., Мартьянова Е.В., Гребенюк А.С., Исматов А.Х., Соловова М.С., Кудрявцева Н.Г., Игнатенко В.Е., Романенко К.С., Корнева Е.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семченко Д.А., Смирнова К.С., Низамова Л.А., Назаренко П.Е., Мартьянова Е.В., Гребенюк А.С., Исматов А.Х., Соловова М.С., Кудрявцева Н.Г., Игнатенко В.Е., Романенко К.С., Корнева Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semchenko D.S., Smirnova K.S., Nizamova L.A., Nazarenko P.E., Martyanova E.V., Grebenyuk A.S., Ismatov A.K., Solovova M.S., Kudryavtseva N.G., Ignatenko V.E., Romanenko K.S., Korneva E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/2320">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/2320</self-uri><abstract><p>Ревматоидный артрит (РА) является хроническим аутоиммунным заболеванием с высокой инвалидизирующей способностью, ранняя диагностика которого имеет ключевое значение для своевременного назначения базисных противоревматических препаратов и улучшения прогноза. В последние десятилетия особое внимание уделяется серологическим биомаркерам, среди которых ведущую роль играют ревматоидный фактор (РФ) и антитела к цитруллинированным белкам (АЦБ), включая анти-CCP (англ. anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, антитела к циклическому цитруллинированному пептиду) и анти-MCV (англ. anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin antibodies, антитела к мутантному цитруллинированному виментину). Эти маркеры позволяют не только подтвердить диагноз, но и прогнозировать риск агрессивного течения и эрозивных изменений суставов. Современные методы иммуноанализа существенно расширили диагностические возможности. Наряду с традиционными подходами (латекс-агглютинация, иммуноферментный анализ (ИФА), турбидиметрия) активно внедряются инновационные технологии: электрохимическая импедансная спектроскопия, спектроскопия комбинационного рассеяния с усилением поверхности (SERS), фотоэлектрические сенсоры и микрожидкостные платформы. Особое значение имеют мультиплексные иммуноанализы, обеспечивающие одновременное выявление нескольких биомаркеров в одном образце, что повышает точность диагностики, облегчает стратификацию пациентов и способствует реализации принципов персонализированной медицины. Несмотря на очевидные преимущества, мультиплексные методы сталкиваются с рядом ограничений: необходимостью использования высокоспецифичных антител, риском перекрёстной реактивности, отсутствием унифицированных эталонных стандартов для АЦБ, а также сложностями в обеспечении контроля качества. Дальнейшее развитие технологий связано с стандартизацией анализов, внедрением международных контрольных материалов и оптимизацией диагностических порогов. Таким образом, интеграция современных методов иммуноанализа и мультиплексных платформ в клиническую практику открывает новые возможности для ранней диагностики и прогнозирования РА, что в конечном итоге может снизить частоту инвалидизации и улучшить качество жизни пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a high potential for disability, where early diagnosis is crucial for timely initiation of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and for improving long-term outcomes. In recent decades, particular attention has been paid to serological biomarkers, among which rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), including anti-CCP and anti-MCV, play a leading role. These markers not only confirm the diagnosis but also help predict the risk of aggressive disease course and joint erosions. Modern immunoassay methods have significantly expanded diagnostic opportunities. Along with traditional approaches such as latex agglutination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and turbidimetry, innovative technologies are actively being implemented, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), photoelectrochemical biosensors, and microfluidic platforms. Multiplex immunoassays are of particular importance, as they allow the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers in a single sample, thereby increasing diagnostic accuracy, facilitating patient stratification, and promoting the principles of personalized medicine. Despite their advantages, multiplex methods face several limitations: the need for highly specific antibody pairs, the risk of cross-reactivity, the lack of standardized reference materials for ACPA, and challenges in quality control. Future development of these technologies depends on assay standardization, implementation of international reference standards, and optimization of diagnostic thresholds. In conclusion, the integration of modern immunoassay techniques and multiplex platforms into clinical practice provides new opportunities for early diagnosis and prognosis of RA, ultimately reducing disability rates and improving patients’ quality of life</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ревматоидный артрит</kwd><kwd>серологические биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>ревматоидный фактор</kwd><kwd>антитела к цитруллинированным белкам</kwd><kwd>анти-CCP</kwd><kwd>анти-MCV</kwd><kwd>иммуноанализ</kwd><kwd>мультиплексные технологии</kwd><kwd>ранняя диагностика</kwd><kwd>персонализированная медицина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rheumatoid arthritis</kwd><kwd>serological biomarkers</kwd><kwd>rheumatoid factor</kwd><kwd>anti-citrullinated protein antibodies</kwd><kwd>anti-CCP</kwd><kwd>anti-MCV</kwd><kwd>immunoassay</kwd><kwd>multiplex technologies</kwd><kwd>early diagnosis</kwd><kwd>personalized medicine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Насонов Е.Л., Авдеева А.С., Дибров Д.А. 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