<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2026-16-4-267-277</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DBWLNN</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-2336</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ассоциации адипокинового профиля крови и наличия хронического бронхита у молодых лиц</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Associations Of Blood Adipokine Profile and The Presence of Chronic Bronchitis in Young Individuals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-1566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьева</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanasyeva</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Афанасьева Алёна Дмитриевна  — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией генетических и средовых детерминант жизненного цикла человека</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena D. Afanaseva  — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of genetic and environmental determinants of the human life cycle</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">na.dmytryevna@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9270-9188</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербакова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbakova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щербакова Лилия Валерьевна — старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинико-популяционных и профилактических исследований терапевтических и эндокринных заболеваний</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lilia V. Shcherbakova — Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Clinical, Population and Preventive Studies of Therapeutic and Endocrine Diseases </p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9584792@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3538-0280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полонская</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polonskaya</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полонская Яна Владимировна — доктор биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клинических, биохимических, гормональных исследований терапевтических заболеваний</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana V. Polonskaya — Doctor of Biological Sciences, senior researcher of the laboratory of clinical, biochemical, hormonal studies of therapeutic diseases</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yana-polonskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0436-2549</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шрамко</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shramko</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шрамко Виктория Сергеевна — кандидат медицинских наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории клинических, биохимических, гормональных исследований терапевтических заболеваний</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria S. Shramko — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Junior research scientist at laboratory of clinical, biochemical, hormonal studies of therapeutic diseases</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nosova@211.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2268-4186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каштанова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashtanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каштанова Елена Владимировна — доктор биологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник с в.о. заведующего лабораторией</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kashtanova — Candidate of Medical Sciences, Junior research scientist at the Laboratory of Clinical, Biochemical, Hormonal Studies of Therapeutic Diseases</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elekastanova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4936-8362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рагино</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ragino</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рагино Юлия Игоревна — доктор медицинских наук, член–корреспондент РАН, профессор, руководитель</p><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia I. Ragino — Doctor of Medical Sciences, corresponding member of RAS, Professor, head</p><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ragino@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины — филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук» (НИИТПМ — филиал ИЦиГ СО РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine — branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>267</fpage><lpage>277</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Афанасьева А.Д., Щербакова Л.В., Полонская Я.В., Шрамко В.С., Каштанова Е.В., Рагино Ю.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Афанасьева А.Д., Щербакова Л.В., Полонская Я.В., Шрамко В.С., Каштанова Е.В., Рагино Ю.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Afanasyeva A.D., Shcherbakova L.V., Polonskaya Y.V., Shramko V.S., Kashtanova E.V., Ragino Y.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/2336">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/2336</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью данного исследования является поиск ассоциации наличия хронического бронхита (ХБ) и уровня адипокинов крови у лиц 25-44 лет с абдоминальным ожирением (АО) и без него. Исследование выполнено на популяционной выборке жителей города Новосибирска (1415 человек). После исключения лиц с зафиксированной бронхообструкцией и с отсутствием данных спирометрии для анализа быласформирована подвыборка в размере 1086 человека, возраст обследованных составил 37,8 [32,0;41,9] года. Всем лицам произведена антропометрия, сбор анамнеза и забрана кровь из локтевой вены для определения показателей липидного профиля, уровня глюкозы и адипокинов. Диагноз ХБ выставлялся на основании стандартного эпидемиологического опросника при наличии кашля с мокротой не менее 3 месяцев в году или при наличии медицинской истории заболевания. Результаты. У лиц с ХБ и АО регистрировались более высокие значения систолического артериального давления (САД) (р=0,001) и диастолического артериального давления (ДАД) (р=0,003), наблюдались атерогенные изменения в липидном профиле (более высокие показатели холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности (ХС-ЛНП), триглицеридов (ТГ), низкие холестерина липопротеинов высокой плотности (ХС-ЛВП)) и более высокие показатели глюкозы по сравнению с лицами без АО. Шанс наличия ХБ был ассоциирован с курением, АО и увеличением САД. При изучении концентрации адипокинов крови у лиц с ХБ и без него получено, что у лиц с ХБ и АО регистрировались более высокие уровни резистина (р=0,023), амилина (р=0,041), интерлейкина 6 (IL-6) (р=0,002), С-пептида (0,0001), инсулина (р=0,035), лептина (р=0,0001), фактора некроза опухоли альфа (TNFα) (р=0,003) и глюкагон-подобного пептида 1 (GLP-1) (р=0,001) по сравнению с лицами с ХБ и без АО. При проведении однофакторного логистического регрессионного анализа получено, что шанс наличия ХБ обратно ассоциирован с уровнем резистина (ОШ 0,998 ДИ 0,997-0,999) и пептида YY (PYY) (ОШ 0,994 ДИ 0,989-0,999), модели стандартизованы по полу, возрасту, окружности талии (ОТ) и статусу курения. При включении обеих молекул в модель многофакторного логистического регрессионного анализа вместе с АО, САД, курением, полом и возрастом ассоциации были получены только для резистина (ОШ 0,998 ДИ 0,997-0,999) и курения (ОШ 4,656 ДИ 2,802-7,738). Заключение. У лиц 25-44 лет шанс наличия ХБ прямо ассоциирован с курением и АО, обратно ассоциирован с концентрацией в крови резистина, независимо от пола и возраста. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the presence of chronic bronchitis (CB) and blood adipokine levels in individuals aged 25-44 years with and without abdominal obesity (AO). The study was conducted on a population-based sample of 1,415 residents of Novosibirsk. After excluding individuals with documented broncho-obstruction and missing spirometry data, a subsample of 1,086 individuals aged 37.8 [32.0; 41.9] years was formed for analysis. All individuals underwent anthropometry, anamnesis collection, and blood collection from the cubital vein to determine lipid profile, glucose, and adipokine levels. CB was diagnosed based on a standard epidemiological questionnaire in the presence of a cough with sputum for at least 3 months per year or with a medical history of the disease. Results. Individuals with chronic bronchitis and oxidative stress had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p=0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p=0.003), atherogenic changes in the lipid profile (higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)) and higher glucose levels compared to individuals without oxidative stress. The likelihood of having chronic bronchitis was associated with smoking, oxidative stress, and increased SBP. When studying the concentration of blood adipokines in individuals with and without CB, it was found that individuals with CB and AO had higher levels of resistin (p=0.023), amylin (p=0.041), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (p=0.002), C-peptide (0.0001), insulin (p=0.035), leptin (p=0.0001), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) (p=0.003) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) (p=0.001) compared to individuals with CB and without AO. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of having CB were inversely associated with the levels of resistin (OR 0.998 CI 0.997-0.999) and peptide YY (PYY) (OR 0.994 CI 0.989-0.999); the models were adjusted for gender, age, waist circumference (WC), and smoking status. When both molecules were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis model along with AO, SBP, smoking, gender, and age, associations were obtained only for resistin (OR 0.998 CI 0.997-0.999) and smoking (OR 4.656 CI 2.802-7.738). Conclusion. In individuals aged 25-44 years, the odds of having chronic kidney disease are directly associated with smoking and AO, and inversely associated with the blood concentration of resistin, regardless of gender and age.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хронический бронхит</kwd><kwd>абдоминальное ожирение</kwd><kwd>молодые лица</kwd><kwd>адипокины</kwd><kwd>резистин</kwd><kwd>PYY</kwd><kwd>курение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic bronchitis</kwd><kwd>abdominal obesity</kwd><kwd>young people</kwd><kwd>adipokines</kwd><kwd>resistin</kwd><kwd>PYY</kwd><kwd>smoking</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамка бюджетной темы № FWNR-2024-0002</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of budget topic No. FWNR-2024-0002.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Halpin DMG, Singh D. What’s new in the 2025 GOLD report. J Bras Pneumol. 2025 Mar 31;51(1):e20240412. doi: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20240412</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Halpin DMG, Singh D. What’s new in the 2025 GOLD report. J Bras Pneumol. 2025 Mar 31;51(1):e20240412. doi: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20240412</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лещенко И.В., Авдеев С.Н., Зайцев А.А. и др. Хронический бронхит — новые клинические рекомендации (основные положения). Терапевтический архив. 2025;97(3):272–278. doi: 10.26442/00403-660.2025.03.203134</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leshchenko I.V., Avdeev S.N., Zaytsev A.A. et al Chronic bronchitis — new clinical recommendations (main provisions): A review on behalf of the working group for the development and revision of clinical guidelines for chronic bronchitis. Terapevticheskii arkhiv. 2025;97(3):272-278. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2025.03.203134 [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Widysanto A, Goldin J, Mathew G. Chronic Bronchitis. 2025 Feb 6. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482437/?utm_source=chatgpt.com</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Widysanto A, Goldin J, Mathew G. Chronic Bronchitis. 2025 Feb 6. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan–. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482437/?utm_source=chatgpt.com</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fortis S, Georgopoulos D, Tzanakis N, et al Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD-like phenotypes. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Apr 9;11:1375457. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1375457</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fortis S, Georgopoulos D, Tzanakis N, et al Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD-like phenotypes. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Apr 9;11:1375457. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1375457</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sood A. Obesity, adipokines, and lung disease. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010 Mar;108(3):744-53. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00838.2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sood A. Obesity, adipokines, and lung disease. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010 Mar;108(3):744-53. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00838.2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu S, Zhang H, Lan Z. Associations of obesity with chronic inflammatory airway diseases and mortality in adults: a populationbased investigation. BMC Public Health. 2024 May 13;24(1):1300. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18782-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu S, Zhang H, Lan Z. Associations of obesity with chronic inflammatory airway diseases and mortality in adults: a populationbased investigation. BMC Public Health. 2024 May 13;24(1):1300. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18782-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">García-Rio F, Soriano JB, Miravitlles M, et al Impact of obesity on the clinical profile of a population-based sample with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One. 2014 Aug 25;9(8):e105220. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105220</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">García-Rio F, Soriano JB, Miravitlles M, et al Impact of obesity on the clinical profile of a population-based sample with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One. 2014 Aug 25;9(8):e105220. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105220</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chung, C., Kim, H., Lee, K.N. et al Association between body mass index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in young individuals: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Sci Rep 14, 31976 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83648-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chung, C., Kim, H., Lee, K.N. et al Association between body mass index and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in young individuals: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Sci Rep 14, 31976 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83648-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burney PG, Luczynska C, Chinn S, et al The European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Eur Respir J. 1994 May;7(5):954-60. doi: 10.1183/09031936.94.07050954</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burney PG, Luczynska C, Chinn S, et al The European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Eur Respir J. 1994 May;7(5):954-60. doi: 10.1183/09031936.94.07050954</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yumuk V, Tsigos C, Fried M, et al European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults. Obes Facts. 2015;8(6):402-24. doi: 10.1159/000442721. Epub 2015 Dec 5. Erratum in: Obes Facts. 2016;9(1):64. doi: 10.1159/000444869</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yumuk V, Tsigos C, Fried M, et al European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults. Obes Facts. 2015;8(6):402-24. doi: 10.1159/000442721. Epub 2015 Dec 5. Erratum in: Obes Facts. 2016;9(1):64. doi: 10.1159/000444869</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кобалава Ж.Д., Конради А.О., Недогода С.В. и др. Артериальная гипертензия у взрослых. Клинические рекомендации 2024. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2024;29(9):6117. doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2024-6117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kobalava Zh.D., Konradi A.O., Nedogoda S.V. et al 2024 Clinical practice guidelines for Hypertension in adults. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2024;29(9):6117. (In Russ.) doi: 10.15829/1560-40712024-6117 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Калинина А.М., Шальнова С.А., Гамбарян М.Г. и др. Эпидемиологические методы выявления основных хронических неинфекционных заболеваний и факторов риска при массовых обследованиях населения. Методическое пособие. Под редакцией проф. Бойцова С.А. М.2015; 96 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalinina A.M., Shalnova S.A., Gambaryan M.G., et al Epidemiological methods for identifying major chronic non-communicable diseases and risk factors in mass population surveys. Methodological guide. Edited by Prof. Boytsov S.A. Moscow, 2015; 96 p [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ежов М.В., Кухарчук В.В., Балахонова Т.В. и др. Клинические рекомендации Евразийской ассоциации кардиологов (ЕАК)/Национального общества по изучению атеросклероза (НОА) по диагностике и коррекции нарушений липидного обмена с целью профилактики и лечения атеросклероза (2025). Евразийский кардиологический журнал. 2025;(2):6-34. doi: 10.38109/2225-1685-2025-2-6-34</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ezhov M.V., Kukharchuk V.V., Balakhonova T.V. et al Eurasian Association of Cardiology (EAC)/Russian National Atherosclerosis Society (RNAS) Guidelines for the diagnosis and correction of dyslipidemia for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis (2025). Eurasian heart journal. 2025;(2):6-34. doi: 10.38109/2225-1685-2025-2-6-34 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Celli BR, Christenson S, Rabe KF, et al Current Smoker: A Clinical COPD Phenotype Affecting Disease Progression and Response to Therapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2025 Feb 12;211(5):729–36. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202407-1379CI.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Celli BR, Christenson S, Rabe KF, et al Current Smoker: A Clinical COPD Phenotype Affecting Disease Progression and Response to Therapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2025 Feb 12;211(5):729–36. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202407-1379CI.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kisiel MA, Arnfelt O, Lindberg E, et al Association between abdominal and general obesity and respiratory symptoms, asthma and COPD. Results from the RHINE study. Respir Med. 2023 May;211:107213. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107213.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kisiel MA, Arnfelt O, Lindberg E, et al Association between abdominal and general obesity and respiratory symptoms, asthma and COPD. Results from the RHINE study. Respir Med. 2023 May;211:107213. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107213.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin J, Liao H, Cai X, Che L, et al Cigarette Smoke Extract Induces Inflammation by RELMβ via NF-κB/p65 Signaling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2025 Sep;55(5):730-744.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lin J, Liao H, Cai X, Che L, et al Cigarette Smoke Extract Induces Inflammation by RELMβ via NF-κB/p65 Signaling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2025 Sep;55(5):730-744.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куртуков Е.А., Рагино Ю.И. Потенциальные биохимические маркеры хронического бронхита и бронхиальной астмы. Современное состояние проблемы. Сибирский научный медицинский журнал. 2019; 39 (6): 5–13. doi: 10.15372/SSMJ20190601</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurtukov E.A., Ragino Yu.I. Potential biochemical markers of chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma. Current state of the problem. Siberian Scientific Medical Journal. 2019; 39 (6): 5–13. doi: 10.15372/SSMJ20190601 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang QY, Zhang H, Yan X, et al Serum resistin and leptin in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their relationship to nutritional state. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2005 Jul;28(7):445-7. Chinese.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang QY, Zhang H, Yan X, et al Serum resistin and leptin in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their relationship to nutritional state. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2005 Jul;28(7):445-7. Chinese.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keith, I.M., Ekman, R. PYY-like material and its spatial relationship with NPY, CGRP and 5-HT in the lung of the Syrian golden hamster. Cell Tissue Res 262, 543–550 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00305251</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keith, I.M., Ekman, R. PYY-like material and its spatial relationship with NPY, CGRP and 5-HT in the lung of the Syrian golden hamster. Cell Tissue Res 262, 543–550 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00305251</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">El-Salhy M, Mazzawi T, Gundersen D, et al The role of peptide YY in gastrointestinal diseases and disorders (review). Int J Mol Med. 2013 Feb;31(2):275-82. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1222</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">El-Salhy M, Mazzawi T, Gundersen D, et al The role of peptide YY in gastrointestinal diseases and disorders (review). Int J Mol Med. 2013 Feb;31(2):275-82. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1222</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
