<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2013-0-2-46-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-354</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ФАРМАКОТЕРАПИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>АНТИБИОТИК-АССОЦИИРОВАННАЯ ДИАРЕЯ: АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ ПРОБЛЕМЫ, ПРОФИЛАКТИКА И ТЕРАПИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>АНТИБИОТИК-АССОЦИИРОВАННАЯ ДИАРЕЯ: АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ ПРОБЛЕМЫ, ПРОФИЛАКТИКА И ТЕРАПИЯ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Успенский</surname><given-names>Ю. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Успенский</surname><given-names>Ю. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра хирургической гепатологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>кафедра хирургической гепатологии</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фоминых</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Фоминых</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра хирургической гепатологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>кафедра хирургической гепатологии</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jaf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ ВПО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. Павлова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ГОУ ВПО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. И.П. Павлова»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>04</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Успенский Ю.П., Фоминых Ю.А., 2013</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Успенский Ю.П., Фоминых Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Успенский Ю.П., Фоминых Ю.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/354">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/354</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема антибиотик-ассоциированных состояний является одной из самых актуальных в клинической практике. ААД является мультидисциплинарной проблемой. Профилактика и терапия ААД должна включать использование пробиотиков. В статье представлены зарубежные и отечественные данные по применению различных пробиотических препаратов для профилактики и терапии ААД с акцентом на назначение мультивидовых пробиотиков. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of antibiotic-associated conditions is one of the most actual problems of clinical practice. The antibiotic-associated diarrhea is a multidisciplinary problem. Prevention and therapy an antibiotic-associated diarrhea should include probiotics using. In article foreign and domestic data containing application of various probiotics for prevention and therapy antibiotic-associated diarrhea, emphasis multispecies probiotics use are presented. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd><kwd>побочные эффекты</kwd><kwd>антибиотик-ассоциированная диарея</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>мультивидовые пробиотики</kwd><kwd>РиоФлора Баланс Нео</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibacterial therapy</kwd><kwd>side effects</kwd><kwd>antibiotic-associated diarrhea</kwd><kwd>prophylaxis</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd><kwd>multispecies probiotics</kwd><kwd>RioFlora Balance Neo</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">компания "Никомед Такеда"</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вялов С.С., Бакулин И.Г., Хурасева А.Б., Яковлев А.А. Эффективность комплексных пробиотиков при запорах у беременных женщин // «Архивъ внутренней медицины». 2013; 1(9): С. 14–18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Вялов С.С., Бакулин И.Г., Хурасева А.Б., Яковлев А.А. Эффективность комплексных пробиотиков при запорах у беременных женщин // «Архивъ внутренней медицины». 2013; 1(9): С. 14–18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Самсонов А.А., Плотникова Е.Ю. Антибиотики: друзья или враги, как найти консенсус? Взгляд гастроэнтеролога на антибиотик-ассоциированную диарею // Трудный пациент 2012. No6.С.16-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Самсонов А.А., Плотникова Е.Ю. Антибиотики: друзья или враги, как найти консенсус? Взгляд гастроэнтеролога на антибиотик-ассоциированную диарею // Трудный пациент 2012. No6.С.16-24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шевяков М.А. Антибиотик-ассоциированная диарея и кандидоз кишечника: возможности лечения и профилактики // Антибиотики и химиотерапия. 2004. Т. 49. No 1(9). С. 26–29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шевяков М.А. Антибиотик-ассоциированная диарея и кандидоз кишечника: возможности лечения и профилактики // Антибиотики и химиотерапия. 2004. Т. 49. No 1(9). С. 26–29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шендеров Б.А. Медицинская микробная экология и функциональное питание. Т.3. Пробиотики и функциональное питание. М.: Изд-во Грантъ. 2001. 287 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шендеров Б.А. Медицинская микробная экология и функциональное питание. Т.3. Пробиотики и функциональное питание. М.: Изд-во Грантъ. 2001. 287 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Avesani V., Delmee M. Human antibody response to Clostridium difficile toxin A in relation to clinical course of infection // Infect Immunol 1994; 62: 384–389.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avesani V., Delmee M. Human antibody response to Clostridium difficile toxin A in relation to clinical course of infection // Infect Immunol 1994; 62: 384–389.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bartlett J.G. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea // Clin Infect Dis 1992. Vol. 15: 573–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bartlett J.G. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea // Clin Infect Dis 1992. Vol. 15: 573–81.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bulusu M., Narayan S., Shetler K., Triadafilopoulos G. Leukocytosis as a harbinger and surrogate marker of Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalized patients with diarrhea // Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95: 3137–3141.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bulusu M., Narayan S., Shetler K., Triadafilopoulos G. Leukocytosis as a harbinger and surrogate marker of Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalized patients with diarrhea // Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95: 3137–3141.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cremonini F. et al. Meta–analysis: the effect of probiotic administration on antibiotic–associated diarrhoea // Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002. Vol. 16 (8). Р. 1461–1467.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cremonini F. et al. Meta–analysis: the effect of probiotic administration on antibiotic–associated diarrhoea // Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002. Vol. 16 (8). Р. 1461–1467.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fekety R. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea and colitis. American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee // Am J Gastroenterol 1997. Vol. 92. Р. 739–750.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fekety R. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea and colitis. American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee // Am J Gastroenterol 1997. Vol. 92. Р. 739–750.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fekety R., Silva J., Kauffman C. et al: Treatment of antibiotic-associated Clostridium difficile colitis with oral vancomycin: Comparison of two dosage regimens // Am. J. Med. 1989. Vol. 86. Р. 15–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fekety R., Silva J., Kauffman C. et al: Treatment of antibiotic-associated Clostridium difficile colitis with oral vancomycin: Comparison of two dosage regimens // Am. J. Med. 1989. Vol. 86. Р. 15–19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fredenucci I., Chomarat M., Boucaud C., Flandrois J.P. Saccharomyces boulardii fungemia in a patient receiving ultra-levered therapy // Clin Infect Dis 1998. Vol. 27 (1). Р. 222–223.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fredenucci I., Chomarat M., Boucaud C., Flandrois J.P. Saccharomyces boulardii fungemia in a patient receiving ultra-levered therapy // Clin Infect Dis 1998. Vol. 27 (1). Р. 222–223.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gilbert D.N. Aspects of the safety profile of oral antimicrobial agents // Infect Dis Clin Pract 1995. Vol. 4(2). Р. 103–112.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gilbert D.N. Aspects of the safety profile of oral antimicrobial agents // Infect Dis Clin Pract 1995. Vol. 4(2). Р. 103–112.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guzman R., Kirkpatrick J., Forward K., Lim F. Failure of parenteral metronidazole in the treatment of pseudomembranous colitis // J Infect Dis 1989. Vol. 159. Р. 1154–1155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guzman R., Kirkpatrick J., Forward K., Lim F. Failure of parenteral metronidazole in the treatment of pseudomembranous colitis // J Infect Dis 1989. Vol. 159. Р. 1154–1155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hempel S., Newberry S.J., Maher A.R. et al. Probiotics for the Prevention and Treatment of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis // JAMA 2012. Vol. 307 (18). Р. 1959–1969.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hempel S., Newberry S.J., Maher A.R. et al. Probiotics for the Prevention and Treatment of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis // JAMA 2012. Vol. 307 (18). Р. 1959–1969.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hogenauer C., Hammer H.F., Krejs G.J., Reisinger E.C. Mechanisms and management of antibiotic-associated diarrhea // Clinical Infec- tious Diseases 1998. Vol. 27 (4). Р. 702–710.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hogenauer C., Hammer H.F., Krejs G.J., Reisinger E.C. Mechanisms and management of antibiotic-associated diarrhea // Clinical Infec- tious Diseases 1998. Vol. 27 (4). Р. 702–710.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hogenauer C., Langner C., Krause R. et al. Antibiotic-associated segmental hemorrhagic colitis: clinical features, and influence of Klebsiella oxytoca in its pathogenesis // Abstracts of 12 UEGW, Gut 2004. Vol. 53 (VI). Р. A135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hogenauer C., Langner C., Krause R. et al. Antibiotic-associated segmental hemorrhagic colitis: clinical features, and influence of Klebsiella oxytoca in its pathogenesis // Abstracts of 12 UEGW, Gut 2004. Vol. 53 (VI). Р. A135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Idem А. Association between antibody response to toxin A and protection against recurrent Clostridium difficile diarrhoea // Lancet 2001. Vol. 357. Р. 189–93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Idem А. Association between antibody response to toxin A and protection against recurrent Clostridium difficile diarrhoea // Lancet 2001. Vol. 357. Р. 189–93.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koning C.J., Jonkers D.M., Stobberingh E.E., Mulder L., Rombouts F.M., Stockbrugger R.W. The effect of a multispecies probiotic on the intestinal microbiota and bowel movements in healthy volunteers taking the antibiotic amoxicillin // The Am J Gastroenterol. 2008. . Vol. 103. Р. 178–189.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koning C.J., Jonkers D.M., Stobberingh E.E., Mulder L., Rombouts F.M., Stockbrugger R.W. The effect of a multispecies probiotic on the intestinal microbiota and bowel movements in healthy volunteers taking the antibiotic amoxicillin // The Am J Gastroenterol. 2008. . Vol. 103. Р. 178–189.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kyne L., Warny M., Qamar A., Kelly C.P. Asymptomatic carriage of Clostridium difficile and serum levels of IgG antibody against toxin A // N Engl J Med 2000; 342. Р. 390–7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kyne L., Warny M., Qamar A., Kelly C.P. Asymptomatic carriage of Clostridium difficile and serum levels of IgG antibody against toxin A // N Engl J Med 2000; 342. Р. 390–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Land M.H., Rouster-Stevens K., Woods C.R. et al. Lactobacillus sepsis associated with probiotic therapy // Pediatrics 2005; 115 (1). Р. 178–181.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Land M.H., Rouster-Stevens K., Woods C.R. et al. Lactobacillus sepsis associated with probiotic therapy // Pediatrics 2005; 115 (1). Р. 178–181.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lestin F., Pertschy A., Rimek D. Fungemia after oral treatment with Saccharomyces boulardii in a patient with multiple comorbidities // Dtsch MedWochenschr 2003; 128 (48). Р. 2531–2533.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lestin F., Pertschy A., Rimek D. Fungemia after oral treatment with Saccharomyces boulardii in a patient with multiple comorbidities // Dtsch MedWochenschr 2003; 128 (48). Р. 2531–2533.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McFarland L.V. Epidemiology, risk factors and treatments for antibiotic-associated diarrhea // Dig Dis 1998; 16: 292–307.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McFarland L.V. Epidemiology, risk factors and treatments for antibiotic-associated diarrhea // Dig Dis 1998; 16: 292–307.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McFarland L.V. Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of an- tibiotic associated diarrhea and the treatment of Clostridium difficile disease // Am J Gastroenterol 2006. Vol. 101 (4). Р. 812–822.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McFarland L.V. Meta-analysis of probiotics for the prevention of an- tibiotic associated diarrhea and the treatment of Clostridium difficile disease // Am J Gastroenterol 2006. Vol. 101 (4). Р. 812–822.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McFarland L.V., Mulligan M.E., Kwok R.Y.Y., Stamm W.E. Nosocomial acquisition of Clostridium difficile infection // N Engl J Med 1989. Vol. 320: 204–210.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McFarland L.V., Mulligan M.E., Kwok R.Y.Y., Stamm W.E. Nosocomial acquisition of Clostridium difficile infection // N Engl J Med 1989. Vol. 320: 204–210.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piechno S., Seguin P., Gangneux J.P. Saccharomyces boulardii fungal sepsis: beware of the yeast // Can J Anaesth 2007; 54 (3). Р. 245–246.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Piechno S., Seguin P., Gangneux J.P. Saccharomyces boulardii fungal sepsis: beware of the yeast // Can J Anaesth 2007; 54 (3). Р. 245–246.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Riggs M.M., Sethi A.K., Zabarsky T.F. et al. Asymptomatic carriers are a potential source for transmission of epidemic and nonepidemic Clostridium difficile strains among long-term care facility residents // Clin Infect Dis 2007. Vol. 45. Р. 992.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Riggs M.M., Sethi A.K., Zabarsky T.F. et al. Asymptomatic carriers are a potential source for transmission of epidemic and nonepidemic Clostridium difficile strains among long-term care facility residents // Clin Infect Dis 2007. Vol. 45. Р. 992.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Riquelme A.J., Calvo M.A., Guzma ́n A.M. et al. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia after Saccharomyces boulardii treatment in immunocompromised patients // J Clin Gastroenterol 2003. Vol. 36 (1). Р. 41–43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Riquelme A.J., Calvo M.A., Guzma ́n A.M. et al. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia after Saccharomyces boulardii treatment in immunocompromised patients // J Clin Gastroenterol 2003. Vol. 36 (1). Р. 41–43.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sazawal S., Hiremath G., Dhingra U., Malik P., Deb S., Black R.E. (2006). Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomized, placebo-controlled trials // Lancet Infect. Dis. Vol. 6. P. 374-382.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sazawal S., Hiremath G., Dhingra U., Malik P., Deb S., Black R.E. (2006). Efficacy of probiotics in prevention of acute diarrhoea: a meta-analysis of masked, randomized, placebo-controlled trials // Lancet Infect. Dis. Vol. 6. P. 374-382.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Starr J. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea: diagnosis and treatment // BMJ 2005. Vol. 331: 498–501.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Starr J. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea: diagnosis and treatment // BMJ 2005. Vol. 331: 498–501.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trautmann M., Synowzik I., Nadji-Ohl M. et al. Fungemia due to Saccharomyces cerevisiae var boulardii. // Chemotherapie Journal 2008. Vol. 17 (2). Р. 57–61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trautmann M., Synowzik I., Nadji-Ohl M. et al. Fungemia due to Saccharomyces cerevisiae var boulardii. // Chemotherapie Journal 2008. Vol. 17 (2). Р. 57–61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wistrom J., Norrby S.R., Myhre E.B. et al. Frequency of antibiotic- associated diarrhea in 2462 antibiotic-treated hospitalized patients: a prospective study // Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2001. Vol. 47. Р. 43–50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wistrom J., Norrby S.R., Myhre E.B. et al. Frequency of antibiotic- associated diarrhea in 2462 antibiotic-treated hospitalized patients: a prospective study // Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2001. Vol. 47. Р. 43–50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zunic P., Lacotte J., Pegoix M. et al. Saccharomyces boulardii funge- mia // Therapie 1991. Vol. 46 (6). Р. 498–499.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zunic P., Lacotte J., Pegoix M. et al. Saccharomyces boulardii funge- mia // Therapie 1991. Vol. 46 (6). Р. 498–499.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
