<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2015-0-5-10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-447</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОЖИРЕНИЕ И ЖЕЛЕЗОДЕФИЦИТ. ЕЩЕ ОДНА КОМОРБИДНОСТЬ?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>BESITY AND IRON DEFICIENCY. ONE MORE COMORBIDITY?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дворецкий</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvoretsky</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvoretski@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивлева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivleva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дворецкий Л.И., Ивлева О.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дворецкий Л.И., Ивлева О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dvoretsky L.I., Ivleva O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/447">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/447</self-uri><abstract><p>Железодефицит является одной из коморбидностей у больных ожирением, что позволяет выделять особый фенотип («железодефицитный») ожирения. Имеются убедительные доказательства патогенетической связи между железодефицитом и наличием системного воспаления, ассоциированного с ожирением. Данные о частоте и патогенетическом варианте анемии (железодефицитная или анемия хронических заболеваний) при ожирении неоднозначны. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования ферростатуса у больных с ожирением для решения вопроса о целесообразности и способах коррекции нарушений метаболизма железа, в частности при подготовке пациентов к бариатрическим операциям.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Iron defi ciency is one of comorbidity in patients with obesity, which allows you to select a particular phenotype (“iron defi ciency”) obesity. There is strong evidence of the pathogenetic link between iron defi ciency and the presence of systemic infl ammation associated with obesity. Data on the frequency and pathogenic form of anemia ( iron defi ciency or anemia of chronic disease ), obesity are not unique. Further research of iron status in obese patients is needed to decide on the feasibility and methods of correction of disorders of iron metabolism , in particular in the preparation of patients for bariatric surgery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>железодефицит</kwd><kwd>ферритин</kwd><kwd>насыщение трансферрина</kwd><kwd>гепсидин</kwd><kwd>анемия</kwd><kwd>бариатрические операции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>iron deficiency</kwd><kwd>ferritin</kwd><kwd>transferrin saturation</kwd><kwd>hepcidin</kwd><kwd>anemia</kwd><kwd>bariatric surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finucane M. et al. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9.1 million participants. Lancet. 2011; 377: 557-567.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Finucane M. et al. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9.1 million participants. Lancet. 2011; 377: 557-567.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization (WHO), available at: http://www.euro.who.int/en/what-we-do/health-topics/noncommunicablediseases/obesity.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization (WHO), available at: http://www.euro.who.int/en/what-we-do/health-topics/noncommunicable-diseases/obesity.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization (WHO), Fact Sheet No.311 (May 2012) available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization (WHO), Fact Sheet No.311 (May 2012) available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frühbeck G., Toplak H., Woodward E. et al. Obesity: The gateway to ill health — an EASO Position Statement on a rising public health, clinical and scientific challenge in Europe. Obes Facts. 2013; 6: 117-120.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Frühbeck G., Toplak H., Woodward E. et al. Obesity: The gateway to ill health - an EASO Position Statement on a rising public health, clinical and scientific challenge in Europe. Obes Facts. 2013; 6: 117-120.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO: The world health report 2002 — Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">WHO: The world health report 2002 — Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Worldwide prevalence of anaemia, WHO Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System, 1993–2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Worldwide prevalence of anaemia, WHO Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System, 1993–2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mendez M.A., Monteiro C.A., Popkin B.M. Overweight exceeds underweight among women in most developing countries. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005; 81: 714–721</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mendez M.A., Monteiro C.A., Popkin B.M. Overweight exceeds underweight among women in most developing countries. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005; 81: 714–721</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee J., Houser R.F., Must A. et al. Socioeconomic disparities and the familial coexistence of child stunting and maternal overweight in Guatemala. Econ Hum Biol. 2012; 10: 232–241.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee J., Houser R.F., Must A. et al. Socioeconomic disparities and the familial coexistence of child stunting and maternal overweight in Guatemala. Econ Hum Biol. 2012; 10: 232–241.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Doak C.M., Adair L.S., Monteiro C., Popkin B.M. Overweight and underweight coexist within households in Brazil, China and Russia. J Nutr. 2000; 130: 2965–2971.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Doak C.M., Adair L.S., Monteiro C., Popkin B.M. Overweight and underweight coexist within households in Brazil, China and Russia. J Nutr. 2000; 130: 2965–2971.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wenzel B.J., Stults H.B., Mayer J. Hypoferraemia in obese adolescents. Lancet. 1962; 280: 327–328</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wenzel B.J., Stults H.B., Mayer J. Hypoferraemia in obese adolescents. Lancet. 1962; 280: 327–328</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seltzer C.C., Mayer J. Serum Iron and Iron-Binding Capacity in Adolescents. II. Comparison of Obese and Nonobese Subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1963; 13 (6): 354-361.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seltzer C.C., Mayer J. Serum Iron and Iron-Binding Capacity in Adolescents. II. Comparison of Obese and Nonobese Subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1963; 13 (6): 354-361.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pinhas-Hamiel O., Newfield R.S., Koren I. et al. Greater prevalence of iron defiency in overweiht and obese children and adolescents. Int J Obes Relat Metab. Disord. 2003; 27: 416-418.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pinhas-Hamiel O., Newfield R.S., Koren I. et al. Greater prevalence of iron defiency in overweiht and obese children and adolescents. Int J Obes Relat Metab. Disord. 2003; 27: 416-418.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nead K.G., Halterman J.S., Kaczorowski J.M. et al. Overweight children and adolescents: a risk group for iron deficiency. Pediatrics. 2004; 114: 104-108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nead K.G., Halterman J.S., Kaczorowski J.M. et al. Overweight children and adolescents: a risk group for iron deficiency. Pediatrics. 2004; 114: 104-108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tussing-Humphreys L.M., Liang H., Nemeth E. et al. Excess adiposity, inflammation, and iron-deficiency in female adolescents. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 2009; 109: 297–302.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tussing-Humphreys L.M., Liang H., Nemeth E. et al. Excess adiposity, inflammation, and iron-deficiency in female adolescents. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 2009; 109: 297–302.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sanad M., Osman M., Gharib A. Obesity modulate serum hepcidin and treatment outcome of iron deficiency anemia in children: A case control study. Ital. J. Pediatr. 2011; 37: 34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sanad M., Osman M., Gharib A. Obesity modulate serum hepcidin and treatment outcome of iron deficiency anemia in children: A case control study. Ital. J. Pediatr. 2011; 37: 34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lecube A., Carrera A., Losada E. et al. Iron deficiency in obese postmenopausal women. Obesity. 2006; 14: 1724-1730.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lecube A., Carrera A., Losada E. et al. Iron deficiency in obese postmenopausal women. Obesity. 2006; 14: 1724-1730.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O’Broin B., Kelleher B., Balfe A., McMahon C. Evaluation of serum transferring receptor assay in a centralized iron screening service. Clin Lab Haem. 2005; 27: 190-194.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O'Broin B., Kelleher B., Balfe A., McMahon C. Evaluation of serum transferring receptor assay in a centralized iron screening service. Clin Lab Haem. 2005; 27: 190-194.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wish B. Assessing iron status: beyond sеrum ferritin and transferrin saturation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006; l (Suppl): 54-58.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wish B. Assessing iron status: beyond sеrum ferritin and transferrin saturation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006; l (Suppl): 54-58.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yanoff L.B., Menzie C.M., Denkinger B. et at Innammation and iron deficiency in the hypoferremia of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007; 31: 1412-1419.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yanoff L.B., Menzie C.M., Denkinger B. et at Innammation and iron deficiency in the hypoferremia of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007; 31: 1412-1419.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mеnzie C.M., Yanoff L.B., Oenkinger B.I. еt al. Obesity-related hypoferremia is not explained by differences in reported intake of heme and nonheme iron or intake of dietary factors that can affect iron absorption. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008; 108: 145-148.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mеnzie C.M., Yanoff L.B., Oenkinger B.I. еt al. Obesity-related hypoferremia is not explained by differences in reported intake of heme and nonheme iron or intake of dietary factors that can affect iron absorption. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008; 108: 145-148.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karl J.P., Lieberman H.R., Cable S.J. et al. Poor iron status is not associated with overweight or overfat in non-obese pre-menopausal women. J Am Coll Nutr. 2009; 28: 37–42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karl J.P., Lieberman H.R., Cable S.J. et al. Poor iron status is not associated with overweight or overfat in non-obese pre-menopausal women. J Am Coll Nutr. 2009; 28: 37–42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fanou-Fogny N., Saronga N.J., Koreissi Y. et al. Weight status and iron deficiency among urban Malian women of reproductive age. Br J Nutr. 2011; 105: 574–579.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fanou-Fogny N., Saronga N.J., Koreissi Y. et al. Weight status and iron deficiency among urban Malian women of reproductive age. Br J Nutr. 2011; 105: 574–579.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eckhardt C.L., Torheim L.E., Monterrubio E. et al. The overlap of overweight and anaemia among women in three countries undergoing the nutrition transition. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008; 62: 238–46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eckhardt C.L., Torheim L.E., Monterrubio E. et al. The overlap of overweight and anaemia among women in three countries undergoing the nutrition transition. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008; 62: 238–46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Datz C., Felder T.K., Niederseer D., Aigner E. Iron homeostasis in the metabolic syndrome. Eur. J. Clin. Investig. 2013; 43: 215–224.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Datz C., Felder T.K., Niederseer D., Aigner E. Iron homeostasis in the metabolic syndrome. Eur. J. Clin. Investig. 2013; 43: 215–224.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nikonorova A.A., Skalnayab M.G., Tinkova A. et al. Mutual interaction between iron homeostasis and obesity pathogenesis. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 2015; 30: 207–214.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikonorova A.A., Skalnayab M.G., Tinkova A. et al. Mutual interaction between iron homeostasis and obesity pathogenesis. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 2015; 30: 207–214.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hassapidou M., Fotiadou E., Maglara E. et al. Energy intake: diet composition, energy expenditure, and body fatness of adolescents in northern Greece. Obesity 2006; 14 (5): 855–862.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hassapidou M., Fotiadou E., Maglara E. et al. Energy intake: diet composition, energy expenditure, and body fatness of adolescents in northern Greece. Obesity 2006; 14 (5): 855–862.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Newman B.H. Vasovagal reaction rates and body weight: findings in high- and low-risk populations. Transfusion. 2003; 43: 1084–1088.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Newman B.H. Vasovagal reaction rates and body weight: findings in high- and low-risk populations. Transfusion. 2003; 43: 1084–1088.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bertinato J., Aroche C., Plouffe L.J. et al. Diet-induced obese rats have higher iron requirements and are more vulnerable to iron deficiency. Eur J Nutr. 2013; 53 (3): 885–889.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bertinato J., Aroche C., Plouffe L.J. et al. Diet-induced obese rats have higher iron requirements and are more vulnerable to iron deficiency. Eur J Nutr. 2013; 53 (3): 885–889.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zimmermann M.B., Zeder С., Muthayya S. et al. Adiposity in women and children from transition countries predicts decreased iron absorption, iron deficiency and a reduced response to iron fortification. Int. J. Obes. 2008; 32: 1098–1104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zimmermann M.B., Zeder С., Muthayya S. et al. Adiposity in women and children from transition countries predicts decreased iron absorption, iron deficiency and a reduced response to iron fortification. Int. J. Obes. 2008; 32: 1098–1104.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mujica-Coopmana M. F., Britoa A., López de Romañaa D. et al. Body mass index, iron absorption and iron status in childbearing age women. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 2015; 30: 215–219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mujica-Coopmana M. F., Britoa A., López de Romañaa D. et al. Body mass index, iron absorption and iron status in childbearing age women. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 2015; 30: 215–219.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yanoff L.B., Menzie C.M., Denkinger B. et at Innammation and iron deficiency in the hypoferremia of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007; 31: 1412-1419.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yanoff L.B., Menzie C.M., Denkinger B. et at Innammation and iron deficiency in the hypoferremia of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007; 31: 1412-1419.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Day C.P. From fat to inflammation. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: 207–210.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Day C.P. From fat to inflammation. Gastroenterology 2006; 130: 207–210.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trayhurn P. Endocrine and signalling role of adipose tissue: new perspectives on fat. Acta Physiol Scand. 2005; 184: 285–293.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trayhurn P. Endocrine and signalling role of adipose tissue: new perspectives on fat. Acta Physiol Scand. 2005; 184: 285–293.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trayhurn P., Wood I.S. Signalling role of adipose tissue: adipokines and inflammation in obesity. Biochem Soc Trans. 2005; 33: 1078–1081.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trayhurn P., Wood I.S. Signalling role of adipose tissue: adipokines and inflammation in obesity. Biochem Soc Trans. 2005; 33: 1078–1081.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greenberg A.S., Obin M.S.. Obesity and the role of adipose tissue in inflammation and metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83: 461S–465S.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greenberg A.S., Obin M.S.. Obesity and the role of adipose tissue in inflammation and metabolism. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83: 461S–465S.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weisberg S.P., McCann D., Desai M. et al. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 2003; 112: 1796–1808.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weisberg S.P., McCann D., Desai M. et al. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 2003; 112: 1796–1808.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yudkin J.S., Stehouwer C.D., Emeis J.J., Coppack SW. C-reactive protein in healthy subjects: associations with obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction: a potential role for cytokines originating from adipose tissue? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999; 19: 972–978.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yudkin J.S., Stehouwer C.D., Emeis J.J., Coppack SW. C-reactive protein in healthy subjects: associations with obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction: a potential role for cytokines originating from adipose tissue? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999; 19: 972–978.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohamed-Ali V., Goodrick S., Rawesh A. et al. Subcutaneous adipose tissue releases interleukin-6, but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997; 82: 4196–4200.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mohamed-Ali V., Goodrick S., Rawesh A. et al. Subcutaneous adipose tissue releases interleukin-6, but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997; 82: 4196–4200.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tzanavari T., Giannogonas P., Karalis KP. TNF-alpha and obesity. Curr Dir Autoimmun. 2010; 11: 145−56</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alessi MC, Bastelica D, Morange P et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, transforming growth factor-beta1, and BMI are closely associated in human adipose tissue during morbid obesity. Diabetes 2000; 49: 1374–1380.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alessi MC, Bastelica D, Morange P et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, transforming growth factor-beta1, and BMI are closely associated in human adipose tissue during morbid obesity. Diabetes 2000; 49: 1374–1380.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lopez A.C., Osendarp S.J.M., Boonstra A.M. et al. Sharply higher rates of iron deficiency in obese Mexican women and children are predicted by obesity-related inflammation rather than by differences in dietary iron intake. Am J Clin Nutr May. 2011; 93(5): 975-983.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lopez A.C., Osendarp S.J.M., Boonstra A.M. et al. Sharply higher rates of iron deficiency in obese Mexican women and children are predicted by obesity-related inflammation rather than by differences in dietary iron intake. Am J Clin Nutr May. 2011; 93(5): 975-983.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bekri S., Gual P., Anty R. et al. Increased adipose tissue expression of hepcidin in severe obesity is independent from diabetes and NASH. Gastroenterology. 2006; 131: 788–796.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bekri S., Gual P., Anty R. et al. Increased adipose tissue expression of hepcidin in severe obesity is independent from diabetes and NASH. Gastroenterology. 2006; 131: 788–796.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nemeth E.R., Rivera S., Gabayan V. et al. IL-6 mediates hypoferremia of inflammation by inducing the synthesis of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. J Clin Invest. 2004; 113: 1271–1276.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nemeth E.R., Rivera S., Gabayan V. et al. IL-6 mediates hypoferremia of inflammation by inducing the synthesis of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. J Clin Invest. 2004; 113: 1271–1276.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">del Giudice E.M., Santoro N., Amato A. et al. Hepcidin in obese children as a potential mediator of the association between obesity and iron deficiency. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2009; 94: 5102–5107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">del Giudice E.M., Santoro N., Amato A. et al. Hepcidin in obese children as a potential mediator of the association between obesity and iron deficiency. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2009; 94: 5102–5107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aeberli I., Hurrell R.F., Zimmermann M.B. Overweight children have higher circulating hepcidin concentrations and lower iron status but have dietary iron intakes and bioavailability comparable with normal weight children. Int. J. Obes. 2009; 33: 1111–1117.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aeberli I., Hurrell R.F., Zimmermann M.B. Overweight children have higher circulating hepcidin concentrations and lower iron status but have dietary iron intakes and bioavailability comparable with normal weight children. Int. J. Obes. 2009; 33: 1111–1117.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tussing-Humphreys L., Frayn K.N., Smith S.R. et al. Subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese and lean adults does not release hepcidin in vivo. Sci. World J. 2011; 11: 2197–2206.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tussing-Humphreys L., Frayn K.N., Smith S.R. et al. Subcutaneous adipose tissue from obese and lean adults does not release hepcidin in vivo. Sci. World J. 2011; 11: 2197–2206.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ganz T., Nemeth E. Iron sequestration and anemia of inflammation. Semin. Hematol. 2009; 46: 387–393.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ganz T., Nemeth E. Iron sequestration and anemia of inflammation. Semin. Hematol. 2009; 46: 387–393.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tussing-Humphreys L.M., Nemeth E., Fantuzzi G. et al. Decreased serum hepcidin and improved functional iron status 6 months after restrictive bariatric surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010; 18: 2010–2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tussing-Humphreys L.M., Nemeth E., Fantuzzi G. et al. Decreased serum hepcidin and improved functional iron status 6 months after restrictive bariatric surgery. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010; 18: 2010–2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sonnweber T., Ress C., Nairz M. et al. High-fat diet causes iron deficiency via hepcidin-independent reduction of duodenal iron absorption. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2012; 23: 1600–1608.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sonnweber T., Ress C., Nairz M. et al. High-fat diet causes iron deficiency via hepcidin-independent reduction of duodenal iron absorption. J. Nutr. Biochem. 2012; 23: 1600–1608.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aigner E., Theurl I., Haufe H. et al. Copper availability contributes to iron perturbations in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2008; 135: 680–688.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aigner E., Theurl I., Haufe H. et al. Copper availability contributes to iron perturbations in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2008; 135: 680–688.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dongiovanni P., Fracanzani A.L., Fargion S., Valenti L. Iron in fatty liver and in the metabolic syndrome: A promising therapeutic target. J. Hepatol. 2011; 55: 920–932.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dongiovanni P., Fracanzani A.L., Fargion S., Valenti L. Iron in fatty liver and in the metabolic syndrome: A promising therapeutic target. J. Hepatol. 2011; 55: 920–932.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aigner E., Theurl I., Theurl M. et al. Pathways underlying iron accumulation in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2008; 87: 1374–1383.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aigner E., Theurl I., Theurl M. et al. Pathways underlying iron accumulation in human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2008; 87: 1374–1383.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barisani D., Pelucchi S., Mariani R. et al. Hepcidin and iron-related gene expression in subjects with dysmetabolic hepatic iron overload. J. Hepatol. 2008; 49: 123–133.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barisani D., Pelucchi S., Mariani R. et al. Hepcidin and iron-related gene expression in subjects with dysmetabolic hepatic iron overload. J. Hepatol. 2008; 49: 123–133.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ruivard M., Laine F., Ganz T. et al. Iron absorption in dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome is decreased and correlates with increased plasma hepcidin. J. Hepatol. 2009; 50: 1219–1225.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ruivard M., Laine F., Ganz T. et al. Iron absorption in dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome is decreased and correlates with increased plasma hepcidin. J. Hepatol. 2009; 50: 1219–1225.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ruivard M., Laine F., Ganz T. et al. Iron absorption in dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome is decreased and correlates with increased plasma hepcidin. J. Hepatol. 2009; 50: 1219–1225.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ruivard M., Laine F., Ganz T. et al. Iron absorption in dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome is decreased and correlates with increased plasma hepcidin. J. Hepatol. 2009; 50: 1219–1225.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aigner E., Feldman A., Datz C. Obesity as an Emerging Risk Factor for Iron Deficiency. Nutrients. 2014; 6(9): 3587-3600.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aigner E., Feldman A., Datz C. Obesity as an Emerging Risk Factor for Iron Deficiency. Nutrients. 2014; 6(9): 3587-3600.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ausk K.J., Ioannou G.N. Is obesity associated with anemia of chronic disease? A population-based study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008; 16: 2356–2361.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ausk K.J., Ioannou G.N. Is obesity associated with anemia of chronic disease? A population-based study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008; 16: 2356–2361.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kordas K., Centeno Y. Z., Pachón H. et al. Being Overweight or Obese Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Anemia among Colombian Women of Reproductive Age. J. Nutr. 2013; 143(2): 175-181.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kordas K., Centeno Y. Z., Pachón H. et al. Being Overweight or Obese Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Anemia among Colombian Women of Reproductive Age. J. Nutr. 2013; 143(2): 175-181.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eftekhari M., Mozaffari-Khosravi H., Shidfar F. The relationship between BMI and iron status in iron-deficient adolescent Iranian girls. Public Health Nutr. 2009; 12: 2377–2381.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eftekhari M., Mozaffari-Khosravi H., Shidfar F. The relationship between BMI and iron status in iron-deficient adolescent Iranian girls. Public Health Nutr. 2009; 12: 2377–2381.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cheng H.L., Bryant C., Cook R. et al. The relationship between obesity and hypoferraemia in adults: A systematic review. Obes. Rev. 2012; 13: 150–161.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheng H.L., Bryant C., Cook R. et al. The relationship between obesity and hypoferraemia in adults: A systematic review. Obes. Rev. 2012; 13: 150–161.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wessling-Resnick М. Iron homeostasis and the inflammatory response. Annu Rev Nutr. 2010; 30: 105-122.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wessling-Resnick М. Iron homeostasis and the inflammatory response. Annu Rev Nutr. 2010; 30: 105-122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tussing-Humphreys L., Pustacioglu C., Nemeth E., Braunschweig C. Rethinking iron regulation and assessment in iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease, and obesity: introducing hepcidin. Jour of Acad of Nutr and Diet. 2012; 112: 391–400.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tussing-Humphreys L., Pustacioglu C., Nemeth E., Braunschweig C. Rethinking iron regulation and assessment in iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease, and obesity: introducing hepcidin. Jour of Acad of Nutr and Diet. 2012; 112: 391–400.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nairz M., Haschka D., Demetz E., Weiss G. Iron at the interface of immunity and infection. Front Pharmacol. 2014;5: 152.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nairz M., Haschka D., Demetz E., Weiss G. Iron at the interface of immunity and infection. Front Pharmacol. 2014;5: 152.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Munoz M., Botella-Romero F., Gomez-Ramirez S. et al. Iron deficiency and anaemia in bariatric surgical patients: Causes, diagnosis and proper management. Nutr. Hosp. 2009; 24: 640–654.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Munoz M., Botella-Romero F., Gomez-Ramirez S. et al. Iron deficiency and anaemia in bariatric surgical patients: Causes, diagnosis and proper management. Nutr. Hosp. 2009; 24: 640–654.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manios Y., Moschonis G., Chrousos G.P. et al. The double burden of obesity and iron deficiency on children and adolescents in greece: The healthy growth study. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 2013; 26: 470–478.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manios Y., Moschonis G., Chrousos G.P. et al. The double burden of obesity and iron deficiency on children and adolescents in greece: The healthy growth study. J. Hum. Nutr. Diet. 2013; 26: 470–478.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aktas G., Alcelik A., Yalcin A. et al. Treatment of iron deficiency anemia induces weight loss and improves metabolic parameters. Clin. Ter. 2014; 165: e87–e89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aktas G., Alcelik A., Yalcin A. et al. Treatment of iron deficiency anemia induces weight loss and improves metabolic parameters. Clin. Ter. 2014; 165: e87–e89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harju E. Empty iron stores as a significant risk factor in abdominal surgery. J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 1988; 12: 282–285.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harju E. Empty iron stores as a significant risk factor in abdominal surgery. J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 1988; 12: 282–285.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hallet J., Hanif A., Callum J. et al. The impact of perioperative iron on the use of red blood cell transfusions in gastrointestinal surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transfus Med Rev. 2014 Oct;28(4):205-211.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hallet J., Hanif A., Callum J. et al. The impact of perioperative iron on the use of red blood cell transfusions in gastrointestinal surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transfus Med Rev. 2014 Oct;28(4):205-211.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shander A., Van Aken H., Colomina M.J. et al. Patient blood management in europe. Br. J. Anaesth. 2012; 109: 55–68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shander A., Van Aken H., Colomina M.J. et al. Patient blood management in europe. Br. J. Anaesth. 2012; 109: 55–68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flancbaum L., Belsley S., Drake V. et al. Preoperative nutritional status of patients undergoing roux-en-y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. J. Gastrointest. Surg. 2006; 10: 1033–1037.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flancbaum L., Belsley S., Drake V. et al. Preoperative nutritional status of patients undergoing roux-en-y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. J. Gastrointest. Surg. 2006; 10: 1033–1037.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Damms-Machado A., Friedrich A., Kramer K.M. et al. Pre- and postoperative nutritional deficiencies in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Obes. Surg. 2012; 22: 881–889.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Damms-Machado A., Friedrich A., Kramer K.M. et al. Pre- and postoperative nutritional deficiencies in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Obes. Surg. 2012; 22: 881–889.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ernst B., Thurnheer M., Schmid S.M. et al. Evidence for the necessity to systematically assess micronutrient status prior to bariatric surgery. Obes. Surg. 2009; 19: 66–73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ernst B., Thurnheer M., Schmid S.M. et al. Evidence for the necessity to systematically assess micronutrient status prior to bariatric surgery. Obes. Surg. 2009; 19: 66–73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marambio A., Watkins G., Castro F. et al. Changes in iron transporter divalent metal transporter 1 in proximal jejunum after gastric bypass. World J. Gastroenterol. 2014; 20: 6534–6540.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marambio A., Watkins G., Castro F. et al. Changes in iron transporter divalent metal transporter 1 in proximal jejunum after gastric bypass. World J. Gastroenterol. 2014; 20: 6534–6540.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ruz M., Carrasco F., Rojas P. et al. Heme- and nonheme-iron absorption and iron status 12 mo after sleeve gastrectomy and roux-en-y gastric bypass in morbidly obese women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2012; 96: 810–817.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ruz M., Carrasco F., Rojas P. et al. Heme- and nonheme-iron absorption and iron status 12 mo after sleeve gastrectomy and roux-en-y gastric bypass in morbidly obese women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2012; 96: 810–817.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dvoretsky L.I., Ushkov Yu.I., Ivleva O.V. Anemic syndrome in patients after bypass surgery biliopankreaticheskogo. Russian medical news. 2014; 4: 48-57.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дворецкий Л.И., Юшков Ю.И., Ивлева О.В. и др. Анемический синдром у больных после билиопанкреатического шунтирования. Российские медицинские вести. 2014; 4: 48-57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дворецкий Л.И., Юшков Ю.И., Ивлева О.В. и др. Анемический синдром у больных после билиопанкреатического шунтирования. Российские медицинские вести. 2014; 4: 48-57.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
