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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2017-7-5-391-397</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-702</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАЗБОР КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ СЛУЧАЕВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A RARE CASE OF SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOCEPHALUS AS A COMPLICATION OF NONTRAUMATIC CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA. AN EVIDENCEBASED REVIEW</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A RARE CASE OF SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOCEPHALUS AS A COMPLICATION OF NONTRAUMATIC CEREBROSPINAL FLUID RHINORRHEA. AN EVIDENCEBASED REVIEW</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шелеско</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelesko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцев</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitsev</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черникова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernikova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernikhope@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное учреждение «Национальный научно-практический центр нейрохирургии имени академика Н.Н. Бурденко» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Autonomous Institution «National Scientific and Practical Center of Neurosurgerynamed after academician N.N. Burdenko» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>391</fpage><lpage>397</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шелеско Е.В., Зайцев О.С., Черникова Н.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шелеско Е.В., Зайцев О.С., Черникова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shelesko E.V., Zaitsev O.S., Chernikova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/702">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/702</self-uri><abstract><p>Термин пневмоцефалия используется для обозначения попадания воздуха в полость черепа. Пневмоцефалия связана с несколькими этиологическими факторами, такими как травмы головы, хирургические вмешательства, инфекции и новообразования. В среднем частота посттравматической пневмоцефалии колеблется в пределах 0,5-1% от всех травм черепа. При спонтанной назальной ликворее пневмоцефалия отмечается крайне редко. Клинические проявления пневмоцефалии зависят от локализации и объема воздуха в полости черепа. Наиболее чаще встречаются и описаны такие симптомы как головная боль, «шум плеска», ринорея и оторея, менингизм, нарушение функции черепно- мозговых нервов, эпилептические приступы, коллаптоидные состояния, психопатолологическая симптоматика. В данной статье мы приводим случай эффективного лечения спонтанной назальной ликвореи, осложнившейся пневмоцефалией и менингитом. Пациентка М. 57 лет поступила в НН ПЦН им. ак. Н.Н. Бурденко в отделение нейротравмы в тяжелом состоянии. Анамнез заболевания: Год назад стала отмечать истечение прозрачной жидкости из левого носового хода, которое периодически спонтанно прекращалось, затем снова рецидивировало. За 2 месяца до поступления стала отмечать головные боли, повышение температуры, тошноту, рвоту. При поступле- нии: состояние тяжелое, уровень сознания: оглушение. Отмечается ригидность затылочных мышц. На СКТ головного мозга определяются деструктивные изменения в задней стенке основной пазухи, с наличием экссудативного компонента в левых отделах основной пазухи, решетчатого лабиринта, задних отделов левой верхнечелюстной пазухи. В желудочковой системе, базальных цистернах, передних отделах лобных долей определяется скопление воздуха. Под общим наркозом произведена операция «Эндоскопическая эндоназальная пластика сложного дефекта основания черепа в области клиновидной пазухи слева под контролем навигационной системы». Во время операции произведена люмбальная пункция и субдурально введено 1,0 мл 5% р-ра Флуоресцеина натрия. После операции ликворея полностью прекратилась, перед выпиской было достигнуто полное разрешение пневмоцефалии.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Pneumocephalus is defined as intracranial air. Pneumaticcephaly is associated with several etiological factors, such as head injuries, surgical interventions, infections and neoplasms. On average, the incidence of posttraumatic pneumocephaly fluctuates between 0.5-1% of all skull injuries. Spontaneous pneumocephalus without cerebrospinal fluid leak is very rare. Clinical manifestations of pneumocephaly depend on the location and volume of air in the cranial cavity. The most common and described symptoms are headache, “splashing sound”, rhinorrhea and otorrhea, meningism, dysfunction of cerebrospinal nerves, epileptic seizures, collaptoid states, psychiatric symptoms. In this article we report an effective treatment of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak, complicated by pneumocephaly and meningitis. A 57-year-old patient was admitted to National Scientific and Practical Center of Neurosurgery named after academician N.N. Burdenko in the department of neurotrauma in a serious condition. Medical history: One year ago the patient began to notice the flow of clear fluid from the left nasal passage, which periodically spontaneously ceased, then again recurred. Two months before admission she noticed headaches, fever, nausea, vomiting. Objective data on admission: serious condition, level of consciousness: stunning, drowsiness, lethargy. There is stiff neck. The SCT of the brain shows destructive changes in the posterior wall of the main sinus, with the presence of the exudative component in the left parts of the main sinus, the latticed labyrinth, the posterior parts of the left maxillary sinus. In the ventricular system, basal cisterns, anterior sections of the frontal lobes, the accumulation of air is determined. Under general anesthesia, the operation “Endoscopic endonasal plastic of a complex skull base defect in the region of the sphenoid sinus on the left under the control of the navigation system” was performed. There was subdural injection of 1.0 ml of 5% of Fluorescein sodium. CSF rhinorrhea stopped completely after the surgery with complete resolution of pneumocephalus before discharge.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Пневмоцефалия</kwd><kwd>назальная ликворея</kwd><kwd>флуоресцеин натрия психопатологическая симптоматика при пневмоцефалии</kwd><kwd>хирургия основания черепа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pneumocephalus</kwd><kwd>Сerebrospinal fluid leak</kwd><kwd>Fluorescein</kwd><kwd>psychopathological symptomatology in pneumocerephaly skull base surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Banu M.A., Szentirmai O., Mascarenhas L. et al. Pneumocephalus patterns following endonasal endoscopic skull base surgery as predictors of postoperative CSF leaks. J. Neurosurg. 2014 Oct; 121(4): 961-975.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Banu M.A., Szentirmai O., Mascarenhas L. et al. 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