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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2018-8-3-186-193</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-786</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ГИПЕРАММОНИЕМИЯ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ НА ДОЦИРРОТИЧЕСКОЙ СТАДИИ: КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>HYPERAMMONIUM IN PATIENTS WITH PRECIRRHOSIS STAGE: CLINICAL REALITY?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильченко</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilchenko</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра госпитальной терапии № 2 лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Internal Medicine Depatment N 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilchenko-med@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитин</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitin</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра госпитальной терапии № 2 лечебного факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Internal Medicine Depatment N 2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilchenko-med@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный государственный бюджетный&#13;
образовательный учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения, Москва;&#13;
Государственное учреждение здравоохранения «Городская больница имени В.М. Буянова» Департамента Здравоохранения Москвы, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian National Research Medical University n.a. Pirogov, Moscow;&#13;
The Cyty Clinical Hospital n.a. V.M. Buyanov of Healthcare Depatment of Moscow, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный государственный бюджетный&#13;
образовательный учреждения высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian National Research Medical University n.a. Pirogov, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>186</fpage><lpage>193</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ильченко Л.Ю., Никитин И.Г., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильченко Л.Ю., Никитин И.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilchenko L.Y., Nikitin I.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/786">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/786</self-uri><abstract><p>Аммиак относится к основным нейро- и цитотоксическим метаболитам в организме человека. Установлены его гепатотоксические свойства. Аммиак индуцирует образование активных форм кислорода, уменьшает активность эндотелиальной NO-синтазы, дозозависимо снижает клеточный метаболизм и про лиферацию звездчатых клеток, способствует усилению процессов фиброгенеза, нарушению внутрипеченочной гемодинамики и, соответственно, формированию портальной гипертензии. В статье рассматриваются причины гипераммониемии при патологических состояниях и нарушениях физиологических функций. Повышенное содержание аммиака ассоциировано не только с различными нейропсихическими нарушениями при циррозе печени, но и наблюдаются у пациентов с хроническими заболеваниями печени на доцирротической стадии. Отражением наличия минимальной печеночной энцефалопатии у пациентов с хроническими гепатитами являются когнитивные нарушения, которые проявляются снижением концентрации внимания, в частности, при управлении автомобилем. Воздействие на гипераммониемию становится мишенью для терапии при стеатогепатитах различной этиологии. У пациентов с хроническими заболеваниями печени на доцирротической стадии применение пероральной формы L-орнитина-L-аспартата эффективно снижает уровень аммиака в крови, улучшает когнитивные функции и положительно влияет на функциональное состояние печени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Ammonia belongs to the common neuro- and cytotoxic metabolites in the human. It is established that ammonia has hepatotoxic properties. Ammonia induces the formation of oxygen active forms, reduces the activity of endothelial NO synthase, dose-dependently decreases the cellular metabolism and proliferation of stellate cells, and promotes fibrogenesis, disturbance of intrahepatic hemodynamics and, accordingly, the formation of portal hypertension. The article demonstrates causes of hyperammonemia in pathological conditions and disturbance of physiological functions. The increased level of ammonia is associated not only with various neuropsychiatric disorders in liver cirrhosis, but also is shown in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) at the precirrhosis stage. The presence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic hepatitis is a cognitive impairment, which manifests as a de-crease in concentration, in particular when driving. The effect on hyperammonemia becomes a target for therapy in steatohepatitis of various etiologies. The use of the oral form of L-ornithine-L-aspartate effectively reduces the level of ammonia in the blood, improves cognitive function and positively affects the functional state of the liver in patients with CLD at the precirrhotsis stage.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стеатоз</kwd><kwd>стеатогепатит</kwd><kwd>хронический гепатит С</kwd><kwd>печеночная энцефалопатия</kwd><kwd>гипераммониемия</kwd><kwd>L-орнитинаL-аспартат</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>steatosis</kwd><kwd>steatohepatitis</kwd><kwd>chronic hepatitis C</kwd><kwd>hepatic encephalopathy</kwd><kwd>hyper-ammonemia</kwd><kwd>L-ornithine-L-aspartate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vilstrup H., Amodio P., Bajaj J. et al. 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