References

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Архивъ внутренней медицины

The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine

2226-67042411-6564

“SINAPS” LLC

10.20514/2226-67042018-8-6-407-417

avk-848

Research Article

ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ

REVIEW ARTICLES

ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ПРЕДРАСПОЛОЖЕННОСТЬ К РАЗВИТИЮ АТЕРОСКЛЕРОЗА

THE GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Кожанова

Т. В.

Kozhanova

T. V.

vkozhanov@bk.ru

Неудахин

Е. В.

Neudakhin

E. V.

Жилина

С. С.

Zhilina

S. S.

Мещерякова

Т. И.

Mescheryakova

T. I.

Абрамов

А. А.

Abramov

A. A.

Лукаш

Е. Н.

Lukash

E. N.

Притыко

А. Г.

Prityko

A. G.

ГБУЗ «НПЦ специализированной медицинской помощи детям имени В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого ДЗМ»; ГБОУ ВПО Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова МЗ РФРоссияSt. Luka Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Medical Care for Children, Department of Health; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian Federation

ГБУЗ «НПЦ специализированной медицинской помощи детям имени В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого ДЗМ»РоссияSt. Luka Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized Medical Care for Children, Department of HealthRussian Federation

2018

02122018

86407417

2018

Кожанова Т.В., Неудахин Е.В., Жилина С.С., Мещерякова Т.И., Абрамов А.А., Лукаш Е.Н., Притыко А.Г.

Kozhanova T.V., Neudakhin E.V., Zhilina S.S., Mescheryakova T.I., Abramov A.A., Lukash E.N., Prityko A.G.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/848

Атеросклероз представляет собой комплексное мультифакторное заболевание средних и крупных артерий, в котором задействованы множественные генетические и экологические факторы. Атеросклероз — главная причина смертности и инвалидности в развитых странах, в то время как в развивающихся странах заболеваемость данной патологией растет быстро. Достижения в области лабораторной генетики показали, что генетические нарушения значительно влияют на восприимчивость к атеросклеротическим поражениям сосудов. В последние годы выявлено большое количество генов-кандидатов, генетических полиморфизмов и локусов восприимчивости, связанных с атеросклерозом, и их число быстро растет. В последние годы неизбежно возрастает существенный интерес к идентификации дополнительных факторов генетического риска для атеросклероза. В последние годы было проведено большое количество генетических исследований с целью доказательства генетического воздействия на атеросклеротический процесс. Быстрый прогресс в секвенировании генома человека и молекулярно-генетические методы помогли в определение локусов восприимчивости и связанных с ними генов-кандидатов с атеросклерозом и сопутствующими заболеваниями. Ассоциация большого количества генов восприимчивости с атеросклерозом отражает огромную комплексность заболевания. Множественные факторы, включая эндотелиальную дисфункцию, дефекты в липидном метаболизме, воспаление и иммунные ответы, окислительный стресс, клеточная пролиферация, ремоделирование тканей и гемостатические дефекты участвуют в патогенезе атеросклероза. В этом обзоре мы фокусируем внимание и обсуждаем некоторые из основных генов-кандидатов и генетических полиморфизмов, связанных с атеросклеротическими повреждениями у человека.

Atherosclerosis is a complex multifocal arterial disease involving interactions of multiple genetic and environmental factors. Atherosclerosis is the main cause of death and disability in developed countries, while in developing countries the incidence of this pathology is growing rapidly. Advances in techniques of molecular genetics have revealed that genetic polymorphisms significantly influence susceptibility to atherosclerotic vascular diseases. A large number of candidate genes, genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility loci associated with atherosclerotic diseases have been identified in recent years and their number is rapidly increasing. In recent years, there is significant interest in identifying additional factors of genetic risk for atherosclerosis. In recent years, a large number of genetic studies have been carried out to prove the genetic effect on the atherosclerotic process. Rapid progress in the sequencing of the human genome and molecular genetic methods have helped in the definition of susceptibility loci and associated candidate genes with atherosclerosis and concomitant diseases. The association of a large number of susceptibility genes with atherosclerosis reflects the enormous complexity of the disease. Multiple factors, including endothelial dysfunction, lipid metabolism defects, inflammation and immune responses, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, tissue remodeling and hemostatic defects are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this review we focus and discuss on some of the major candidate genes and genetic polymorphisms associated with human atherosclerotic vascular diseases.

атеросклерозгенполиморфизмгенетическое исследование

atherosclerosisgenepolymorphismsgenetic testing

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.