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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">avk</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Архивъ внутренней медицины</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-6704</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-6564</issn><publisher><publisher-name>“SINAPS” LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20514/2226-6704-2019-9-4-280-289</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">avk-948</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДИНАМИКА АРТЕРИАЛЬНОГО ДАВЛЕНИЯ И СОСУДИСТОЙ ЖЁСТКОСТИ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОСТИ НОЧНЫХ СЕАНСОВ СРАР-ТЕРАПИИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ТЯЖЕЛЫМ ТЕЧЕНИЕМ ОБСТРУКТИВНОГО АПНОЭ СНА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>BLOOD PRESSURE AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS DYNAMICS DEPENDING ON THE DURATION OF CPAP NIGHT SESSIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Валентиновна Горбунова</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Gorbunova </p><p>Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mgorb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабак</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babak</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адашева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adasheva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малявин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malyavin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Phthisiology and Pulmonology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>280</fpage><lpage>289</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горбунова М.В., Бабак С.Л., Адашева Т.В., Малявин А.Г., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горбунова М.В., Бабак С.Л., Адашева Т.В., Малявин А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorbunova M.V., Babak S.L., Adasheva T.V., Malyavin A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/948">https://www.medarhive.ru/jour/article/view/948</self-uri><abstract><p>Многочисленные исследования, посвящённые изучению патофизиологических механизмов обструктивного апноэ сна обнаруживают его взаимосвязь с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями, его вклад в развитие резистентной артериальной гипертензии и процессов эндотелиального ремоделирования. Респираторная поддержка в режиме постоянного положительного воздухоносного давления (от анг. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure или СРАР-терапия) является единственной обоснованной патогенетической терапией у таких пациентов. Этот режим терапии предполагает создание «воздухоносного стента» с заданным уровнем положительного давления на вдохе и выдохе пациента, позволяющего стабилизировать просвет верхних дыхательных путей и предотвратить возникновение глоточных коллапсов. Однако эффекты и необходимая длительность ночных сеансов СРАР-терапии для достижения целевых значений артериального давления и восстановления сосудистой жёсткости у пациентов тяжёлого течения обструктивного апноэ сна с резистентной артериальной гипертензии остаются малоизученными. Цель исследования: изучить динамику показателей артериального давления, артериальной жёсткости и состояния эндотелия сосудов у пациентов с обструктивным апноэ сна тяжёлого течения в зависимости от длительности проведения СРАР-терапии с функцией авто-адаптации к вдоху и выдоху пациента (A-Flex). Методы: в одноцентровое проспективное исследование было включено 168 пациентов в возрасте 35–75 лет (46,4 ± 9,0 лет) с обструктивным апноэ сна (139 мужчин (82,7%) и 29 женщин (17,3%)) тяжёлого течения (индекс апноэгипопноэ &gt;30 соб./час) и артериальной гипертензией, подписавших информированное согласие. Все пациенты находились на подобранной антигипертензивной терапии. В ходе ночного полиграфического исследования определялись индекс апноэ-гипопноэ, индекс десатураций, средняя ночная сатурация (SpO2 ) в соответствии с правилами и рекомендациями Американской Академии Медицины Сна. Эндотелиальная функция сосудов оценивалась неинвазивным способом по качеству периферического артериального тонуса, путём вычисления индекса реактивной гиперемии. Жёсткость артериальной стенки оценивали по индексу аугментации, который рассчитывался на основе анализа сигнала пульсовой волны. Артериальное давление контролировалось путём офисного измерения, суточного мониторирования артериального давления, а также по индивидуальным дневникам пациентов. Оптимальный уровень СРАР-терапии титровался в амбулаторных условиях. Оценивались индекс апноэ-гипопноэ, степень воздушной утечки, среднее давление СРАР, податливость к терапии в соответствии с международными требованиями. Результаты: В группе пациентов, использующих A-Flex &gt;6 час/ночь выраженные изменения наступали к 6-му месяцу терапии: снижение RHI на -1,33 (95% ДИ от -2,25 до -0,41; P=0,002), снижение AI на -12,4 % (95% ДИ от -18,42 до -6,38; P=0,001), снижение среднего САД (24 часа) на -33,6 мм рт. ст. (95% ДИ от -44,1 до -23,2; P=0,002) и среднего ДАД (24 часа) на -20,2 мм рт. ст. (95% ДИ от -29,4 до -11,1; P=0,001), с уменьшением СУП САД на -22,4 мм рт. ст./ч (95% ДИ от -24,7 до -20,1; P=0,002) и СУП ДАД на -17,4 мм рт. ст./ч (95% ДИ от -19,5 до -15,3; P=0,003). Наилучшие целевые значения были достигнуты на 12-й месяц терапии: снижение RHI на -2,11 (95% ДИ от -2,57 до -1,65; P=0,001), снижение AI на -28,5 % (95% ДИ от -37,06 до -19,94; P=0,002), снижение среднего САД (24 часа) на -39,7 мм рт. ст. (95% ДИ от -48,9 до -30,5; P=0,001) и среднего ДАД (24 часа) на -26,8 мм рт. ст. (95% ДИ от -36,1 до -17,5; P=0,001), с уменьшением СУП САД на -22,5 мм рт. ст./ч (95% ДИ от -23,6 до -21,4; P=0,001) и СУП ДАД на -19,4 мм рт. ст./ч (95% ДИ от -20,7 до -18,1; P=0,002). Выводы: СРАРтерапия с функцией A-Flex, проводимая &gt;6 час/ночь у пациентов тяжёлого течения с обструктивным апноэ сна и резистентной артериальной гипертензии позволяет достигать целевых значений САД/ДАД, восстанавливает эндотелиальную функцию и сосудистую жёсткость, уменьшая тем самым риски сердечно-сосудистых осложнений в данной группе пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background: Numerous studies on the pathophysiological mechanisms of obstructive sleep apnea discover the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular diseases, its contribution to the development of resistant hypertension and endothelial remodeling. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is the only reasonable pathogenetic therapy in these patients. This treatment regimen implies the creation of a “pneumatic stent” with a given level of positive pressure on the inhalation and exhalation of the patient, allowing to stabilize the lumen of the upper respiratory tract and prevent the pharyngeal collapse. However, the effects and the required duration of CPAP of night sessions to achieve the target values of blood pressure and restore arterial stiffness in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea with resistant hypertension remain poorly understood. Objective: to study the dynamics of blood pressure, arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea with resistant hypertension, depending on the duration of auto-adjusting CPAP (A-Flex therapy). Methods: the prospective single-center study enrolled 168 patients with obstructive sleep apnea with resistant hypertension (139 males, 46,6 ± 9,0 y. o.) with apnea-hypopnea index &gt;30 events /hour. The night polygraphy study was performed to calculate AHI, oxygen desaturation index, mean nocturnal saturation (SpO2 ) according to the requirements of American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Endothelial function of blood vessels was assessed manually to peripheral arterial tone. The reactive hyperemia index and augmentation index was calculated. Blood pressure was monitored by office measurement, daily monitoring of blood pressure, and by individual patient diaries. Optimal level of CPAP-treatment was adjusted at home. Apnea-hypopnea index, the level of air leakage, average pressure and compliance to CPAP-therapy were established in accordance with international requirements. Results: In the group of patients, treated with night sessions of A-Flex &gt; 6 h/night, significant dynamics was observed by the 6th month of treatment. That is, a decrease in RHI by -1.33 (95% CI from -2.25 to -0.41; P = 0.002), a decrease in AI by -12.4% (95% CI from -18.42 to -6.38; P = 0.001), a decrease in mean SBP (24 h) by -33.6 mm Hg (95% CI from -44.1 to -23.2; P = 0.002) and decrease in mean DBP (24 h) by -20.2 mm Hg (95% CI from -29.4 to -11.1; P = 0.001), with a decrease in rate of morning rise of SPB by -22.4 mm Hg/h (95% CI from -24.7 to -20.1; P = 0.002) and a decrease in rate of morning rise of DPB by -17.4 mm Hg/h (95% CI from -19.5 to -15.3; P = 0.003). The best target values were achieved by the 12th month of treatment: a decrease in RHI by -2.11 (95% CI from -2.57 to -1.65; P = 0.001), a decrease in AI by -28.5% (95% CI from -37.06 to -19.94; P = 0.002), a decrease in mean SBP (24 h) by -39.7 mm Hg (95% CI from -48.9 to -30.5; P = 0.001) and decrease in mean DBP (24 h) by -26.8 mm Hg (95% CI from -36.1 to -17.5; P = 0.001), with a decrease in rate of morning rise of SPB by -22.5 mm Hg/h (95% CI from -23.6 to -21.4; P = 0.001) and a decrease in rate of morning rise of DPB by -19.4 mm Hg/h (95% CI from -20.7 to -18.1; P = 0.002). Conclusions: in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea and resistant hypertension only CPAP-therapy in the A-Flex mode &gt; 6 h/night allows to achieve target blood pressure, restores endothelial function and arterial stiffness, therefore reducing the risks of cardiovascular complications.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обструктивное апноэ сна</kwd><kwd>резистентная артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>сосудистая жёсткость</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>CPAP-терапия</kwd><kwd>режим A-Flex</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea</kwd><kwd>resistant arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>arterial stiffness</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>CPAP-therapy</kwd><kwd>A-Flex mode</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sateia M.J. 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