Damage of the Muscle System in Covid-19

Статья посвящена поражению мышечной системы при новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19). Проведен анализ литературы российских и иностранных исследователей по внелегочным проявлениям COVID-19. Главной мишенью COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) является эндотелий сосудов. Для проникновения в клетки вирус использует рецептор — ангиотензинпревращающий фермент 2 (АПФ2). Показано, что к одной мишени могут присоединиться до трех вирусов. В скелетной мускулатуре также имеется АПФ2. При COVID-19 вовлечение в патологический процесс мышечной системы является предиктором неблагоприятного прогноза. В 20 % случаев среди госпитализированных пациентов COVID-19 выявляются лабораторные признаки повреждения сердечной мышцы. К основным механизмам повреждения мышечной системы при COVID-19 относятся АПФ2-зависимый механизм, степень вирусной нагрузки, цитокиновый шторм, острая гипоксемия и лекарственная токсичность. Поражение мышечной системы при COVID-19 служит дополнительным фактором риска смерти. В представленной работе приводятся сведения о возможных патогенетических механизмах развития миопатии, а также мышечной слабости при COVID-19, протекающие с повышением содержания креатинкиназы крови.

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