Эпигенетические механизмы кардиопротекции: в фокусе – активация сиртуинов

Окислительный стресс является общим признаком старения и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ), включая атеросклероз, сердечную недостаточность, гипертонию, сахарный диабет и другие заболевания сосудистой системы. В этой связи, в последние годы исследователи проявляют повышенный интерес к сиртуинам (SIRT) — адаптерам стресса и эпигенетическим ферментам, участвующим в клеточных механизмах контроля возрастных патологий, рака и ССЗ. Среди сиртуинов, которых у млекопитающих семь (SIRT1-SIRT7), кардиопротекторными, противовоспалительными, атеропротекторными и антивозрастными свойствами в наибольшей степени обладают SIRT1 и SIRT6. В данном обзоре мы представляем всесторонний анализ последних событий в области клеточных и молекулярных сигнальных путей, контролируемых двумя посттрансляционными модификаторами — SIRT1 и SIRT6, которые доказали свою ценность в качестве инструментов для ослабления воспаления и окислительного стресса на уровне сердечно-сосудистой системы. Более глубокое понимание эпигенетических механизмов, через которые оказывают своё кардиопротекторное действие SIRT1 и SIRT6, будет иметь широкие последствия и ускорит разработку селективных и эффективных фармакологических препаратов для модуляции сиртуинов с целью профилактики и лечения ССЗ.

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