Features of Prediction of Heart Failure in Patients with Peripheral Atherosclerosis During a Three-Year Prospective Follow-Up

Aim: To assess the likelihood of developing heart failure during a three-year prospective follow-up and develop a method for its comprehensive assessment in individuals with atherosclerotic lesions of various vascular beds. Materials and methods: The study included 519 patients with atherosclerotic lesions of various vascular regions, of which 360 (69.4 %) were men, 159 (30.6 %) were women (mean age 60.0±8.7 years). Results: Analysis of the likelihood of developing heart failure clearly demonstrated that factors such as the value of the ejection fraction, % (p = 0.040), the value of the base of the aorta, mm. (p = 0.049), the degree of atherosclerotic lesions of the left coronary artery trunk,% (p = 0.013) and the severity of posterior lateral branch stenosis,% (p = 0.048) influenced the risk of developing the discussed endpoint in the long-term period in patients with peripheral atherosclerosis. Conclusions: The probability of developing vascular events and adverse outcomes during a three-year prospective followup was assessed. It was found that hospitalization for heart failure over a three-year period occurred in 3.4 % of patients with atherosclerotic lesions of various vascular beds and their combinations. It is noted that such groups of factors as “the value of the ejection fraction% + the value of the base of the aorta, mm.” (p=0.025), “the degree of atherosclerotic lesions of the posterior lateral branch, % + the value of the ejection fraction, %” (p=0.046), influenced the risk of developing heart failure in the long-term period in the subjects of the survey group. Using logistic regression equations, original prognosis tables have been developed that provide information on the likelihood of developing heart failure, which can be used in real clinical practice in patients with peripheral atherosclerosis.

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